NotePolar frost formation on Ganymede
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Cited by (25)
New constraints on Ganymede's hydrogen corona: Analysis of Lyman-α emissions observed by HST/STIS between 1998 and 2014
2017, Planetary and Space ScienceCitation Excerpt :The inversion may also result from differential space weathering, possibly due to radiolysis of the surface materials. Space weathering could cause an increase in defects and voids in the surface layer (Johnson, 1985) or the production of nano phase iron (Pieters et al., 2000), resulting in an upturn of the spectrum in the FUV. Since the UV is particularly sensitive to even small amounts of weathering (Hapke, 2001; Hendrix et al., 2003), an area with slightly enhanced charged particle bombardment may result in an increase in the UV albedo (Hendrix et al., 2005), as observed in Ganymede and Europa.
Energetic charged particle weathering of Saturns inner satellites
2012, Planetary and Space ScienceCitation Excerpt :Recent examples in Solar System contexts support the importance of charged particle weathering in modifying the optical surface. For example, Khurana et al. (2007) have explained the so-called bright polar cap feature of Ganymede (e.g., Johnson, 1985) by mapping the edge of the bright region to the open/closed field line boundary of the internally generated magnetic field of that moon. Open and closed Ganymede field lines have been observed to have different levels of charged particle flux (Williams et al., 1998).
The origin of Ganymede's polar caps
2007, IcarusCitation Excerpt :Thus, in the polar regions where thermal sublimation is minimal, plasma sputtering might maintain a bright frost layer, whereas in regions of darker surface (mainly at low latitudes), frost formation is inhibited by sublimation. Johnson (1985) later shelved the idea of direct frost formation from sputtered molecules, noting that in laboratory experiments even a rapid deposition of water molecules on an extremely cold surface leads to a relatively clear (non-scattering) surface. He instead proposed that changes in reflectance properties were caused by an increase in defects and voids and growth of dendritic crystals in the bombarded surficial ice layer.