Elsevier

Icarus

Volume 19, Issue 3, July 1973, Pages 347-349
Icarus

The zoo hypothesis

https://doi.org/10.1016/0019-1035(73)90111-5Get rights and content

Abstract

Extraterrestrial intelligent life may be almost ubiquitous. The apparent failure of such life to interact with us may be understood in terms of the hypothesis that they have set us aside as part of a wilderness area or zoo.

References (12)

  • Melvin Calvin

    Chemical evolution

  • D. Drake Frank

    How can we detect radio transmissions from distant planetary systems, Project Ozma

  • Su-shu Huang

    The problem of life in the universe and the mode of star formation

  • H. Jeans James

    Astronomy and Cosmogony

    (1929)
  • Boris Levin

    The Origin of the Earth and Planets

    (1964)
There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (105)

  • SETI and democracy

    2021, Acta Astronautica
  • The future of intelligence in the Universe: A call for humility

    2023, International Journal of Astrobiology
  • Self-replicating probes are imminent - implications for SETI

    2022, International Journal of Astrobiology
View all citing articles on Scopus
View full text