Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism
The separation of the α-glycerophosphate and monoglyceride pathways in the intestinal biosynthesis of triglycerides
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An Updated Perspective on the Dual-Track Model of Enterocyte Fat Metabolism
2022, Journal of Lipid ResearchImplications of glycerol metabolism for lipid production
2017, Progress in Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :It's speculated that cGPDH deficiency induced an adaptation that lipid availability in the skeletal muscle was enhanced during exercise [174]. Fat biosynthesis in intestine is mainly completed through monoacylglycerol pathway, while G3P pathway only accounts for 20–30% of TAG synthesis during fat absorption [175,176] and plays a substitutional role in the absence of monoacylglycerol pathway [177]. It has been reported that intestinal mucosa does not contain GK, and glycerol could not serve as a precursor for TAG synthesis in intestine [178].
Characterization of a novel intestinal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase pathway and its role in lipid homeostasis
2016, Journal of Biological ChemistryCitation Excerpt :However, MGAT2-deficient mice exhibit minimal quantitative effects on lipid absorption (8). These data combined with earlier studies suggest the existence of alternative, MGAT-independent pathways for lipid absorption (3–7). In this study we utilized Gpat3−/− mice to characterize an intestinal glycerol 3-phosphate pathway.
Global deletion of MGL in mice delays lipid absorption and alters energy homeostasis and diet-induced obesity
2015, Journal of Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :First, intestinal MGL expression is low compared with other tissues, such as adipose tissue (13), wherein the lipolytic release of TG pools is a more prominent function. Perhaps more importantly, the resynthesis of TG, using dietary MG and FFA as substrates, is the dominant pathway in the small intestine (51) and serves the vital role of rapidly delivering dietary lipids to the rest of the body. Thus, the 12 h fast prior to necropsy in the animals is likely sufficient time for any excess MG to be reesterified, packaged into chylomicrons, and trafficked into the circulation.
Intestinal triacylglycerol synthesis in fat absorption and systemic energy metabolism
2015, Journal of Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :A congenital diarrheal disorder in two siblings, which was lethal in one case, has been linked to a null mutation of DGAT1, likely due to a severe deficiency of intestinal DGAT activity (89). The G3P pathway has been reported in the intestine, but only accounts for 20–30% of TAG synthesis during fat absorption (59, 90). Most of its early characterization was performed in liver (1).
Intestine-specific expression of MOGAT2 partially restores metabolic efficiency in Mogat2-deficient mice
2013, Journal of Lipid ResearchCitation Excerpt :Earlier biochemical studies of the intestine suggested that MGAT activity produces diacylglycerol designated for triacylglycerol synthesis (27). Diacylglycerol produced in the GPAT pathway, on the other hand, is a precursor for both triacylglycerol and phospholipid synthesis (28). Consistent with these earlier reports, we found that inactivating or reintroducing MGAT2 modulated the amounts of monoacylglycerol incorporated into triacylglycerol (Fig. 2).