Superior colliculus lesions preferentially disrupt multisensory orientation
Section snippets
General description
All experimental procedures were conducted using aseptic techniques and were in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Institutes of Health Publication 86-23) and an approved Wake Forest University School of Medicine Animal Care and Use Committee protocol and all efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used. Using standard shaping methods, cats (n=7) were trained with food rewards to orient to either visual or auditory stimuli presented within
Pre-lesion behavior
In the six animals trained to orient to visual stimuli (five with unilateral lesions and one with a bilateral lesion), pre-lesion data were consistent with previous reports examining multisensory orientation behaviors (Stein et al., 1988, Stein et al., 1989, Wilkinson et al., 1996, Jiang et al., 2002). Thus, when an unrewarded (i.e. neutral) auditory stimulus was combined with a visual stimulus at the same location (spatially coincident trials), there was a significant increase in the
Discussion
The results of the current study demonstrate that the integrity of the SC is essential to maintain an animal's ability to integrate visual and auditory cues in the control of orientation behavior. Excitotoxic lesions of the multisensory layers of the SC eliminated this ability, thereby rendering a stimulus from one modality (e.g. auditory) incapable of modulating the salience of a target stimulus from another modality (e.g. visual). This result is consistent with earlier suggestions regarding
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge Dr. John McHaffie for his assistance with the histology, and Dr. Craig Henkel for his assistance with the cell count analysis. This work was supported by NIH MH63861, NS22543 and NS36916.
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2020, NeuropsychologiaCitation Excerpt :Cross-modal stimuli that are non-congruent either elicit weaker responses or no interaction (Meredith and Stein 1986a,b; see also Perrault et al., 2005; Stanford et al., 2005). These physiological principles are predictive of corresponding SC-mediated behaviors: congruent cross-modal stimuli elicit contralateral detection/orientation responses that have lower thresholds, are faster, more reliable, and more accurate than responses to the individual component stimuli (e.g., Stein et al., 1989; Wilkinson et al., 1996; Burnett et al., 2004; Gingras et al., 2009). That there are parallels in multisensory physiology and behavior is not surprising: deep layer SC neurons send projections to structures in the brainstem and spinal cord that directly mediate the motor components of these behavioral responses (Sprague and Meikle, 1965; Stein et al., 1976, 1989; Stein and Clamann, 1981; Munoz et al., 1991; Paré et al., 1994; Lomber et al., 2001; Burnett et al., 2004; Guillaume and Pélisson, 2006; Rowland et al., 2007a; Gingras et al., 2009).
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