ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Phytochemical and biological studies of Sisymbrium irio L. Growing in Saudi Arabia

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2011.04.010Get rights and content
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Abstract

Ten flavonoids were isolated for the first time from the aerial parts of Sisymbrium irio L. grown in Saudia Arabia, using chromatographic methods, and identified as apigenin, apigenin-7-galactoside, apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-di-glucoside 5, apigenin-7-O-(6″acetyl) glucoside, apigenin-7-O-gluco(6″-1″′) rhamnoside, apigenin-7-O-gluco(6″-1″′)rhamnoside-5-methoxide, kampferol and kampferol-3-xyloside-7-galactoside. The median lethal dose of the extract was determined in mice and found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight, suggesting that this plant is non-toxic. Antioxidant activities were assessed for all extracts and fractions (total, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol) and isolated compounds, and showed variable antioxidant activity, with apigenin-7-O-galactoside being the most potent.

KEYWORDS

Flavonoids
Sisymbrium irio
Antioxidant activities
Apigenin
Apigenin-7-di-glucoside

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Available online 22 April 2011