INFANTILE AND JUVENILE SCOLIOSIS
Section snippets
Natural History and Epidemiology
Infantile idiopathic scoliosis is a structural spinal deformity detected during the first 3 years of life. It is slightly more common in Europe and accounts for fewer than 1% of all cases of idiopathic scoliosis in the United States.21 The prompt recognition of infantile scoliosis is critical and is the responsibility of parents and pediatricians. Early orthopedic referral is mandatory because early treatment can affect the outcome.40
Infantile scoliosis is unique in many ways. It is more
Natural History and Epidemiology
Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis is defined by detection of the scoliosis deformity in patients between 4 and 10 years of age; it represents 12% to 21% of patients with idiopathic scoliosis.48 The cause remains unknown and may differ depending on age of presentation. Because juvenile and adolescent scoliosis appear to be more closely related to each other than to infantile scoliosis, theories regarding the cause of adolescent scoliosis also may be applicable to juvenile scoliosis. There are a
SURGICAL TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR BOTH INFANTILE AND JUVENILE SCOLIOSIS
The type of surgery performed depends on the age of the child at the time the curve is progressing. The amount of spinal growth remaining is the chief consideration. It has been shown that curve progression and increased curve rotation occur with posterior fusion alone.17, 39, 54 In young patients after a posterior fusion, anterior spinal growth continues, which causes an increase in vertebral body height. In addition, the vertebral bodies rotate on the posterior fusion, causing an increase in
SUMMARY
The diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis in the growing child is a challenging endeavor. It is crucial that the correct diagnosis be established initially. Early referral and treatment is imperative. Careful follow-up is mandatory. If a deformity is proved to be progressive despite bracing, surgical intervention is likely to be necessary. Because significant truncal shortening is an issue with early spinal fusion, a young child may benefit from instrumentation without fusion. Ultimately,
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2014, Spine DeformityCitation Excerpt :When fulfilling the phenotype criteria, environmental factors should be taken into consideration during subject recruitment. For example, the age at onset should range only from 10 years to maturity, because scoliosis occurring outside this range may have other underlying causes [16,17]. Subjects with scoliosis resulting from other disorders such as neuromuscular disease, skeletal or connective tissue abnormalities, or syndromic scoliosis [18] should be excluded.
Prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China: a cross-sectional study
2024, European Spine JournalApplication of the Schroth Method in the Treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Address reprint requests to Stuart L. Weinstein, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242
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Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa