Reaction of rat connective tissue to a new calcium hydroxide–based sealer

doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.030

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology

Volume 106, Issue 2, August 2008, Pages e71-e76

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.030 Get rights and content

The aim of this study was to histopathologically examine the reaction of the connective tissue of rats to 2 calcium hydroxide–based sealers, Acroseal and Sealapex. Dentin tubes containing the materials and empty control tubes were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of 36 Wistar albino rats. The animals were killed after 7 or 30 days, and the specimens were prepared for histologic analysis with hematoxylin and eosin, Von Kossa technique, and polarized light. Results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Both materials caused mild or moderate inflammatory reactions on the 7th day, but these reactions decreased by the 30th day with no significant difference at any time (P > .05). Mineralization of the subcutaneous tissue of the rats was observed only with Sealapex.

Section snippets

Material and Methods

In this study, 36 4- to 6-month-old male Wistar albino rats weighing 250-280 g were used. The care of the animals was carried out according to Araçatuba School of Dentistry–UNESP Ethical Committee, which approved the project before the beginning of the experiments. The following materials were investigated:

Group 1: Acroseal (Septdont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France), lot no. P2 209. Composition according to the manufacturer: base: glycyrrhetic acid (enoxolone), methenamine, radiopaque excipient

Results

The dentin tubes which were demineralized were used to evaluate the inflammatory reaction, and that ones without demineralization were used to observe the presence or not of the mineralization stimulated or not by the materials. Scoring of the inflammatory reactions on the 7th and 30th day is given in Table I.

Discussion

Several methods have been used to evaluate the biocompatibility of endodontic materials, including subcutaneous implantation tests.14, 15 Implantation in subcutaneous tissue of rats is one of the most appropriate tests to determine the local effects of materials.11, 16, 17 In the present investigation, empty dentin tubes from control groups promoted few or no reaction in subcutaneous tissue and produced normal repair tissues, similar to results previously reported.9, 18

Tissue reaction to the

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Cited by (20)

Effects of fly ash and boric acid on Y<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>-stabilized tetragonal ZrO<inf>2</inf> dispersed with MgAl<inf>2</inf>O<inf>4</inf>: An experimental study on rat subcutaneous tissue
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Citation Excerpt :
Therefore, the present study has the limitation of not using the un-modified zirconia as control material. Additionally, in implantation studies, the traumatic injury due to experimental procedures and the surgical process of implantation might be responsible for the initially observed inflammatory reaction (Gomes-Filho et al., 2008). In addition to the zirconia insertions, a sham operation was performed on each rat in the control group.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the subcutaneous tissue reaction around zirconia-based materials. Forty-eight male Wistar Albino rats were used in this study. Disk-shaped (1 mm height and 5 mm diameter) samples composed of 67% spinel (MgAl₂O₄), 27% tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, 4% (m/m) fly ash and 2% (m/m) boric acid were inserted into dorsal muscles of rats. After 1, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and zirconia materials were removed with the surrounding tissue. Tissue sections were made with a microtome and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Sections were evaluated for the intensity of inflammation. Additionally, the somatic and visceral lymph nodes were evaluated. Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests at a significant level of p < 0.05. There were statistically significant differences between mean inflammatory scores in different experimental periods (p < 0.05). In addition, the inflammatory reaction decreased over time. The tested materials had no damaging effect on the rat lymph nodes and did not have a toxic action on the internal organs. Therefore, zirconia polycrystal tested in the present study may offer a promising treatment alternative after further mechanical and biological studies are performed.
Influence of calcium hydroxide addition to AH Plus sealer on its biocompatibility
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The objective of this study was to determine whether the addition of 5% calcium hydroxide to AH Plus sealer improves its biocompatibility in subcutaneous connective tissue of rats.
Thirty female rats distributed into 3 groups of 10 animals each received subcutaneous dorsal implants of silicone tubes filled with AH Plus (Group 1), AH Plus containing 5% (wt/wt) calcium hydroxide (Group 2), or no material (Group 3: control). The animals were killed after 14 days and the subcutaneous tissue containing the tubes was removed and processed for histological analysis. Biocompatibility was assessed by evaluating the inflammatory response to the implants qualitatively and quantitatively. Data were analyzed statistically by the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α = 0.05).
The area adjacent to the implant was characterized by nonspecific chronic inflammation and was qualitatively similar in the 3 groups. Animals implanted with AH Plus/calcium hydroxide showed significantly less intense inflammatory response when compared with the animals implanted with AH Plus alone.
The addition of calcium hydroxide to AH Plus root canal sealer improved its histopathological behavior within 14 days of analysis, producing less severe inflammatory response and less cytotoxicity when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats.
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EndodontologyOnline only articleReaction of rat connective tissue to a new calcium hydroxide–based sealer

Section snippets

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

J Endod

J Endod

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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod

J Endod

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Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod

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Arch Oral Biol

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Endodontology
Online only article
Reaction of rat connective tissue to a new calcium hydroxide–based sealer