Trends in Neurosciences
BDNF and 5-HT: a dynamic duo in age-related neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders
Section snippets
Roles of BDNF and 5-HT in neuronal plasticity and survival
BDNF, a member of the neurotrophin family, activates a high-affinity cell surface receptor (trkB) that is coupled to activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and protein kinase B (Akt) (Figure 1). By promoting neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and cell survival, BDNF plays a pivotal role in the development and plasticity of the brain. During development of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, BDNF induces the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and promotes the survival of
Aging
Aging itself appears to be associated with decreased BDNF signaling in the brain. Amounts of BDNF protein in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and dentate granule cells are decreased during aging in monkeys [22]. Basal levels and maze-training-induced increases in BDNF expression were both significantly lower in hippocampal neurons of rats with age-related impairment in learning and memory than in rats of the same age with normal learning and memory function [23]. The reduced BDNF levels during
Lifestyle and healthy aging: involvement of the dynamic duo
It is well known that diet and exercise influence the risk of major age-related disorders, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes. Data from epidemiological and animal studies indicate that dietary restriction (reduced meal size and/or frequency) 41, 45 and exercise 46, 47 might also promote healthy brain aging. In addition, cognitive stimulation might also reduce the risk of AD [48]. Considerable evidence from animal studies suggests a role for BDNF signaling in the
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