Large scale synthesis of cadmium selenide nanowires using template synthesis technique and their characterization
Introduction
Chemically synthesized semiconductor nanowires are drawing increasing attention as building blocks for the bottom-up approach to the invention of nanoscale devices and sensors [1], [2]. CdSe is an important II–VI semiconductor material, and has exclusive physical properties such as direct band gap of 1.74 eV and electron mobility of 450–900 cm2/V s [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. Because of high photosensitivity, CdSe has been extensively used in photoconductive devices [8], [9], [10], [11].
Different techniques like cation-exchange route [12], -irradiation [13], solvothermal synthesis [14], electrodeposition [15], [16], hydrothermal-assisted thermal evaporation [17], DNA template driven [18], solution based approach [19], multiple injection method [20] etc. have been used for the synthesis of CdSe nanowires. CdSe nanowires grown using vapor transport deposition process exhibits superparamagnetic behavior [21]. CdSe nanowires doped with sulphur could be used in color-tuned photodetectors, nanolasers, biological labels, and nanoelectronics [22].
In this paper, we report the generation of CdSe nanowires using simple chemical reaction method through the pores in Anodic Alumina Membrane (AAM). Chemical reaction takes place inside the pores and the reaction yield is deposited in the pores. The morphological, structural and optical characterization of CdSe nanowires is also reported.
Section snippets
Experimental details
AAM (Whatman) is used for the fabrication of CdSe nanowires. The pore size is 100 nm. All the reagents used for the chemical solution are of pure analytical grade. Triply distilled water is used for the preparation of solutions.
Two compartment cell is used for the generation of CdSe nanowires. Alumina template is fixed between the two compartments so that it acts as semi permeable membrane. In the first compartment, an aqueous cadmium acetate solution (0.2 M with some drops of NH4OH) was added
Results and discussion
Fig. 1 shows SEM image of CdSe nanowires. It can be seen that diameter of nanowires is about 100 nm that closely corresponds to the diameter of pores of AAM used and also all the CdSe nanowires have analogous orientation and the length, diameter and direction of growth of CdSe are reasonably uniform which is due to the confined growth of nanowires in the ordered pores of AAM template.
X-Ray diffractogram of CdSe nanowires embedded in AAM template is shown in Fig. 2. The spectrum depicts three
Conclusion
Simple chemical reaction (non-galvanic) technique is a constructive technique for the large scale growth of CdSe nanowires. XRD shows the zinc blende (cubic) nature of CdSe nanowires. Blue shift of the order of 0.26 eV is observed in the optical band gap of 100 nm CdSe nanowires. Micro-Raman spectrum indicates the CdSe nanowires have good crystalline nature.
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