Cell Reports
Volume 13, Issue 10, 15 December 2015, Pages 2090-2097
Journal home page for Cell Reports

Report
Endothelin-B Receptor Activation in Astrocytes Regulates the Rate of Oligodendrocyte Regeneration during Remyelination

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.002Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Highlights

  • EDNRA and EDNRB are upregulated after demyelination in reactive astrocytes

  • Pharmacological inhibition of EDNRB, but not EDNRA, accelerates remyelination

  • EDNRB loss in astrocytes, but not in OPCs, accelerates remyelination

  • Endothelin indirectly inhibits OPC differentiation through astrocytes

Summary

Reactive astrogliosis is an essential and ubiquitous response to CNS injury, but in some cases, aberrant activation of astrocytes and their release of inhibitory signaling molecules can impair endogenous neural repair processes. Our lab previously identified a secreted intercellular signaling molecule, called endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is expressed at high levels by reactive astrocytes in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions and limits repair by delaying oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) maturation. However, as ET receptors are widely expressed on neural cells, the cell- and receptor-specific mechanisms of OPC inhibition by ET-1 action remain undefined. Using pharmacological approaches and cell-specific endothelin receptor (EDNR) ablation, we show that ET-1 acts selectively through EDNRB on astrocytes—and not OPCs—to indirectly inhibit remyelination. These results demonstrate that targeting specific pathways in reactive astrocytes represents a promising therapeutic target in diseases with extensive reactive astrogliosis, including MS.

Cited by (0)

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

2

Co-first author