Specific considerations in scaffold design for oral tissue engineering

doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-100961-1.00010-4

Biomaterials for Oral and Dental Tissue Engineering

2017, Pages 157-183

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100961-1.00010-4 Get rights and content

Abstract

The main challenge in oral tissue engineering is designing appropriate scaffolds with ideal mechanical and biological properties to replace or regenerate injured tissues. In order to repair large oral and maxillofacial defects, three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds provide more advantages over conventional powdered or granulated graft materials. Ideal porous scaffolds consist of interconnected macroporous networks with optimized surfaces allowing cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, nutrient delivery, and eventually vascularization. Scaffolds can also facilitate cell activity and signaling by incorporation of physical, chemical, and biological stimuli at different scales. Advances in material fabrication technologies have now empowered the vital designing of scaffolds with complex, biomimetic structures and characteristics. During the last decade, numerous designs and fabrication techniques have been examined for developing tissue engineering scaffolds appropriate for hard and soft tissue replacement. This chapter reviews critical aspects of the design and fabrication techniques of the scaffolds used for oral tissue engineering and reconstruction. Multi-tissue scaffolds for oral and dental tissue regeneration at various interface regions in the oral cavity are discussed thoroughly.

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^*: These authors contributed equally.

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