Morphology of the mandibular fossa and the articular eminence in temporomandibular joints with anterior disk displacement

doi:10.1016/S0901-5027(96)80037-3

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Volume 25, Issue 3, June 1996, Pages 236-238

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0901-5027(96)80037-3 Get rights and content

Abstract

The depth, length, and depth:length ratio of the mandibular fossa, and the angles of the posterior slope of the articular eminence were measured for 91 temporomandibular joints (TMJ) with anterior disk displacement (ADD) in 79 female patients with TMJ dysfunction. As a control, 48 joints in 24 females without TMJ dysfunction were similarly measured. One of the angles of the posterior slope of the articular eminence was larger for joints with ADD than for the controls (P<0.01, Student's t-test). There were no other statistically significant differences between the two groups. Among the 91 joints with ADD, there was no statistically significant difference in any variable between joints with ADD with reduction (n=46) and those with ADD without reduction (n=45); likewise, there was no association between the magnitude of angle of the posterior slope of the articular eminence and overjet, overbite, canine relationship, or molar relationship.

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Cited by (31)

Temporomandibular joint morphology does not influence the presence of arthralgia in patients with disk displacement with reduction: a magnetic resonance imaging–based study
2020, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Citation Excerpt :
The similarity of values in all TMJs can explain why this variable was not related to the concomitant presence of arthralgia in patients with DDWR in the logistic regression analysis (length P = .124; depth P = .372, as shown in Table III). These results are in accordance with those of another study that found no significant differences in size of the mandibular fossa between 46 TMJs with DDWR and 48 TMJs with a normal disk–condyle relationship.17 The relation between joint space size and ID has been addressed in the literature.18,32
The aim of this study was to compare, by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology between patients with disk displacement with reduction (DDWR) with or without arthralgia and a control group and to identify which factors are associated with the concomitant presence of arthralgia in DDWR patients.
In this investigation, 36 TMJ MRIs were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 12) comprised patients with DDWR and arthralgia; group 2 (n = 12) comprised patients with DDWR without arthralgia; and group 3 (n = 12) was the control group. Disk and mandibular condyle morphologies; articular eminence morphology and inclination; size of the mandibular fossa; joint space size; joint effusion; bone marrow of the mandibular condyle; and the relative signal intensity of retrodiscal tissue were evaluated.
Fisher's exact test and 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no significant differences (P > .05) between groups for any variable. Logistic regression analysis showed that no anatomic variables were related to the concomitant presence of arthralgia in patients with DDWR (P > .05).
As evaluated on MRI scans, no significant differences in the anatomic characteristics of the TMJ were detected between DDWR patients with or without concomitant arthralgia and the control group. There were no factors associated with the concomitant presence of arthralgia in patients with DDWR.
Analysis of the correlation between dental arch and articular eminence morphology: a cone beam computed tomography study
2017, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Citation Excerpt :
In this context, it is clear that angle α is directly related to the movement direction of the condyle–disk complex, whereas angle β is related to the AEh, with both angles providing a more complete assessment of the AE when considered together. Previous studies assessed the AE inclination by focusing only on the anteroposterior direction.2-12,15-19 Knowing that the condyle–disk complex also moves laterally, in addition to performing anteroposterior rotational and translational movements, and that the first changes in the TMJ occur in the lateral region, the lateral inclination of the mandibular fossa was also assessed in the present investigation in relation to its uppermost point (i.e., angle δ).
The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the morphology of the dental arches (DAs) of patients with normal occlusion and of the articular eminence (AE) by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
CBCT scans of 60 patients were evaluated in terms of height and inclinations (angles α, β, and δ) of the AE. DAs were classified according to their shapes (tapered, square, ovoid), and their perimeters, widths, and depths were measured. One-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and simple and multivariate linear regression models were used for the calculations.
The ovoid arch was the most predominant shape (n = 66/120). Inclination of the AE (angle β) had the greatest difference between DA shapes, with this angle usually being greater in the ovoid arch and smaller in the square arch (P < .05). The height of the AE presented greater correlation with DA measurements, with tapered arches having the most significant correlations (P < .05). DA depth had no influence on AE measurements (P > .05). The perimeter and width of the DAs had some influence (P < .05).
Correlations were found between the DA and AE morphologies. The correlations should be taken into consideration, although the results do not prove absolute association between the variables. Whenever possible, the morphologic features of DAs should be preserved to avoid possible changes in AE.
Morphometric features of the mandibular condyle and association with disk abnormalities
2016, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the morphometric characteristics of the condyle and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk displacement.
One hundred and nine individuals who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the TMJ were evaluated. Linear (D1: condyle width; D2: condyle thickness) and angular (A1: horizontal condylar angle; A2: anterior condylar angle; A3: medial condylar angle) measurements were made. These measurements were associated with articular disk displacement, with and without reduction.
There was statistically significant association between limited D1 and D2 and between A1 above and A1 below the mean and displacement of the joint disk. There was statistically significant association between A2 and anterior displacement of the disk. Furthermore, thicker condyles and/or condyles with smaller horizontal angles and/or with smaller medial angles were associated with articular disk reduction.
The morphometric characteristics of the bony components of the TMJ are related to articular disk displacement and with its reduction or nonreduction.
Correlation between articular eminence steepness measured with cone-beam computed tomography and clinical dysfunction index in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction
2013, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Citation Excerpt :
Atkinson and Bates suggested that the angle of eminentia would induce disk displacement so they suggested eminectomy as a treatment option.40 Many other studies represented a steeper slope in the patients with anterior disk displacement than the control group.25,26 However, Ren et al. found articular eminence inclination to be higher in symptom-free patients than in patients with TMJ disorder.41
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between articular eminence steepness and clinical dysfunction index (Di) in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
In this study, CBCT images of 60 temporomandibular joints in 30 patients with TMD were evaluated. The eminence inclination values were measured on CBCT images. Patients were subdivided into 3 groups based on Helkimo's clinical Di. The data were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation coefficient test.
The results of the present study did not confirm any significant differences in the values of articular eminence inclinations among the 3 groups (P value >.05).
Based on the present study, there is no apparent relationship between the articular eminence inclination and the clinical Di in patients with TMD.
Sex differences in mandibular movements during opening and closing
2001, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Citation Excerpt :
It is also well established that women have weaker masticatory muscle forces than men.44-46 Other studies have found a relationship between the steepness or depth of the articular eminence and disc displacement.47-49 In combination, this evidence suggests that functional and anatomical differences may exist between men and women.
This study evaluated the sex differences in maximum 3-dimensional opening and closing movements. The sample included 29 men (ages, 23-39 years) and 27 women (ages, 23-35 years), who were selected for normal Class I occlusion, temporomandibular function, and skeletal patterns. Condylar (hinge axis) translation and mandibular incisor movements, were recorded with an optoelectric jaw-tracking system; each participant performed 4 maximum opening/closing cycles. The results showed significant (P <.05) sex differences for incisor opening and closing movements, with most of the differences in the vertical component. Male incisor straight-line distances and curvilinear pathways averaged 52.1 mm and 54.8 mm, respectively. Female straight-line distances and curvilinear pathways averaged 46.0 mm and 48.1 mm, respectively. There were significant (P <.05) sex differences for condylar translation, with most of the differences in the anteroposterior component. Male condyles translated 15.4 to 17.6 mm (straight-line distances) and 20.5 to 20.7 mm (curvilinear pathways); female condyles translated 12.4 to 12.7 mm (straight-line distances) and 16.2 to 17.9 mm (curvilinear pathways). Mandibular length accounted for some of the sex difference in interincisal opening and for most of the sex differences in condylar translation. Closing movements showed the same pattern of sex differences as opening movements. Mandibular opening rotation was approximately 4 degrees larger in men than in women. The shapes of the condylar opening and closing pathways also differed significantly between men and women. For both sexes, condylar translation did not correlate with incisor opening or closing movements. It was concluded that (1) significant sex differences exist in incisor opening movements that are independent of mandibular size, (2) sex differences in condylar translation are dependent on mandibular size, (3) incisor opening movements should not be used as an indicator of condylar translation, and (4) sex differences in the shapes of the condylar pathways indicate sex differences in articular eminence morphologic features. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2001;120:294-303)
Morphology of the mandibular fossa and inclination of the articular eminence in patients with internal derangement and in symptom-free volunteers
2001, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
Citation Excerpt :
Compared with the joints of AV, the DDR diagnostic group had a steeper angulation in the posterior slope. This is in agreement with the results of Kerstens et al7 and Sato et al11 and supports the statement of Atkinson and Bates6 with respect to a steeper slope being a predisposing factor for internal derangement. In contrast, Ren et al15 argued that a steeper slope was not an etiologic factor for internal derangement and hypothesized that the more shallow slope seen in the eminence of those patients as compared with that seen in AV was because of remodeling or degenerative change caused by the disorder itself.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate temporomandibular joint morphology and to compare possible structural variations in the temporomandibular joint anatomy of symptomatic anterior disk displacement patients with possible structural variations in the temporomandibular joint anatomy of symptom-free volunteers. Study Design: Fifty-six symptomatic patients and 25 symptom-free volunteers were included in this study. All subjects had bilateral high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans performed in the sagittal (closed and open) positions. Disk positions were evaluated with these images, and the patients were accordingly classified into 4 diagnostic groups. The angulation between the Frankfort horizontal plane and the posterior slope of the articular eminence, as well as the width and depth of the glenoid fossa and the articular tuberculum, were automatically measured with the aid of a computer. Results: The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated significant differences in the angular and linear values obtained in disk displacement with reduction patients in comparison with the values obtained in patients with disk displacement without reduction and in symptom-free volunteers. Conclusion: It is proposed that a steeper posterior slope and higher tuberculum articulaire are predisposing factors for the development of disk displacement with reduction. Flattening of the eminence may progress in time, leading to the onset of disk displacement without reduction. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001;92:98-107)

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^*: Address: Shuichi Sato Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery I Tohoku University School of Dentistry 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-77 Japan

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Morphology of the mandibular fossa and the articular eminence in temporomandibular joints with anterior disk displacement

Abstract

J Prosthet Dent

J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg

J Oral Maxillofac Surg

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop

Am J Orthod

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg