Apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol + water in the temperature range from 288.15 to 318.15 K

doi:10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00077-3

Fluid Phase Equilibria

Volume 209, Issue 1, 30 June 2003, Pages 95-111

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00077-3 Get rights and content

Abstract

Densities of 1-propanol+water+lithium chloride mixtures have been measured with an oscillating-tube densimeter over a large range of concentrations of the salt and 1-propanol at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K. From these densities, apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures have been calculated for each temperature, and apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution have been evaluated. An empirical correlation for partial molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures with solvent composition and temperature has been derived.

Introduction

The partial molar volume at infinite solution is an appropriate thermodynamic quantity for elucidating the nature of solute–solvent interactions. Studies on the apparent and partial molar volumes of electrolytes can be used to examine the ion–ion, ion–solvent, and solvent–solvent interactions. However, while extensive data have been obtained for partial molar volume of electrolytes in water and non-aqueous solvents, less attention has been paid to mixed aqueous solvents.

This work is a part of a continuing program about the salt-effect of electrolytes on volumetric properties and vapor–liquid equilibrium of aqueous alcoholic mixtures. In previous papers, we have experimentally determined the density of ternary mixtures of alcohol, water, and several salts [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7] at different temperatures and compositions, and we have calculated the apparent molar volumes of these salts in alcohol+water mixtures. In the present work, we report densities for the 1-propanol+water+lithium chloride system at four temperatures, from 288.15 to 318.15 K.

Densities of aqueous solutions of lithium chloride and partial molar volumes of lithium chloride in water at different temperatures, pressures, and compositions, are readily available in literature. Millero [8], Lobo and Quaresma [9], Krumgalz et al. [10], and Apelblat and Manzurola [11] have shown literature sources of experimental data. In contrast, not many papers have appeared in the literature concerning the volumetric properties of non-aqueous solutions of lithium chloride. Wahab and Mahiuddin [12] have studied methanol solutions, and Orishchenko [13] ethanol, 1-propanol and 1-butanol solutions. The volumetric properties of lithium chloride in some mixed aqueous solvents have been also studied. Hirakawa et al. [14] and Takenaka et al. [15] reported data in methanol+water mixtures, Garcı́a-Pañeda et al. [16] in dimethyl sulfoxide+water, Wadi et al. [17] in ethanolamine+water, and Roy et al. [18] and Jha et al. [19] in tetrahydrofuran+water. Only the paper of Crudden et al. [20] concerns the densities of lithium chloride solutions in 1-propanol+water at 25 and 35 °C, at 10, 20, and 30% (w/w) 1-propanol in mixed solvent.

Section snippets

Materials

The chemicals were 1-propanol (Merck, PA grade) with a stated minimum purity of 99.5 mass% (maximum 0.05 mass% water), distilled water (Merck, HPLC grade), and lithium chloride (Merck, PA grade, >99.0 mass%). The solvents were used directly without further purification, whereas the lithium chloride was desiccated in an oven held at 120 °C for at least 24 h. The experimental density for 1-propanol at 298.15 K (799.50±0.01 kg m⁻³) agrees well with the values given by Mikhail and Kimel [21], Ortega [22]

Results and discussion

In Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, the densities d for 1-propanol (1) + water (2) + lithium chloride (3) mixtures at 288.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K are reported, where x₁′ is the mole fraction of 1-propanol in the salt free solvent and x₃ is the mole fraction of salt in the mixture. From these results, the molar volume of solution V and the molar concentration of salt in the solution c were calculated. These values have been also reported in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4.

The

Conclusions

In this work, accurate experimental density data have been obtained for 1-propanol+water+lithium chloride mixtures at four temperatures, and apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures have been calculated. Using the Masson [44] equation, apparent molar volumes at infinite dilution have been evaluated. An empirical correlation for apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol+water mixtures with solvent composition, salt concentration and temperature has

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Spain Interministerial Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT) under the Grant PPQ2000-1335.

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Apparent molar volumes of lithium chloride in 1-propanol + water in the temperature range from 288.15 to 318.15 K

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Materials

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgements

Fluid Phase Equilib.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Thermodyn.

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data

Can. J. Chem.

Russ. J. Phys. Chem.

J. Phys. Chem.

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Indian Chem. Soc.

J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

J. Chem. Eng. Data

Aust. J. Chem.

Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung.

J. Solution Chem.