Sphingosine kinases: A novel family of lipid kinases

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Abstract

Sphingosine kinase (SPHK) catalyzes the formation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP). SIP plays an important role in regulation of a variety of biological processes through intracellular and extracellular actions. SIP has recently been shown to be the ligand for the EDG 1 family of Gprotein-coupled receptors. To date, seven cloned SPHKs have been reported with confirmed SPHK activity, including human, mouse, yeast, and plant. A computer search of various databases suggests that a new SPHK family is emerging. The cloning and manipulation of SPHK genes will no doubt provide us with important information about the functions of SIP in a wide range of organisms.

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