The Lymphopoietic Microenvironment in Bone Marrow

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Various components of the lymphopoietic microenvironment can be grown in culture, where they can be dissected, characterized, and independently manipulated. Dexter cultures favor survival of multipotential stem cells and active production of granulocytes and macrophages. Formation of B cells is a continuum of differentiation steps that progressively limits the options of multipotential hematopoietic stem cells to become first lymphocytes, then B lymphocytes, and finally individual B-cell clones. Close interactions between lymphoid progenitor cells and other components of the bone marrow favor the emergence of B cells in short term cultures. Atleast two prominent cell types are present in the adherent layer, which is critical for the long-term lymphocyte growth. Macrophages are easily identified on the basis of phagocytosis, pinocytosis, expression of nonspecific esterase, absence of alkaline phosphatase, uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (aLDL). This suggests that macrophages and their products contribute to the final stages of B-lymphocyte maturation.

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