Isolation of a new type of polyphosphate accumulating bacterium and its phosphate removal characteristics

doi:10.1016/0922-338X(91)90278-O

Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering

Volume 71, Issue 4, 1991, Pages 258-263

Journal of Fermentat...

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Abstract

Polyphosphate accumulating bacteria were isolated from activated sludge cultured in a fill and draw system with alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions. One of the isolates, strain NM-1 tentatively identified with the genus Micrococcus accumulated a large amount of phosphorus and its content reached 166 mg of phosphorus per g of cells. This strain accumulated phosphorus rapidly under aerobic conditions in the absence of any organic substrates, and when glucose was supplied to this strain under anaerobic conditions, it released phosphate and took up glucose in a similar manner to activated sludge that has good phosphorus eliminating capacity. Micro-aerophilic growth conditions were required for the induction of phosphorus accumulating activity.

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A comparative study of biological activated carbon based treatments on two different types of municipal reverse osmosis concentrates
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Citation Excerpt :
For ROCa, Rhodococcus sp. was the major genus; it is commonly found in wastewater treatment plants performing heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (Chen et al., 2012). For ROCb, Micrococcus, Ralstonia and Agrobacterium spp. were the major bacteria; they can accumulate phosphorus under aerobic conditions and hence can efficiently remove it from wastewater (Nakamura et al., 1991; Li et al., 2003). Micrococcus can take up phosphorus as poly P, from wastewater (Lee and Choi, 1999; Seviour et al., 2003) as well as degrade polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are recalcitrant compounds present in many petroleum refinery wastewater streams (Stringfellow and Alvarez-Cohen, 1999).
A study was conducted to understand the impact of reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) characteristics on the efficacy of biological activated carbon (BAC) based treatments for removing organics and nutrients from two ROC streams (ROC_a derived from municipal waste input with high salinity, and ROC_b derived from domestic waste plus industrial trade waste with markedly lower salinity). Fluorescence excitation and emission matrix spectra and molecular weight analysis demonstrated that ROC_a and ROC_b had a significantly different composition of organic compounds due to the petrochemical processing and abattoir waste compounds in ROC_b. Although the sequence of coagulation, UV/H₂O₂ and BAC gave the highest organic removal from the two ROCs (67% DOC for ROCa and 62% for ROCb), UV/H₂O₂ followed by BAC achieved satisfactory removal (>55%) for both ROC types. Sequential treatment involving coagulation gave better phosphorus removal (>90%) than any single treatment (<65%). Total nitrogen (TN) removal was fairly low (<50%) for all the treatment options and the salinity level had insignificant impact on nitrogen removal. Analysis of bacterial communities suggested that higher phosphorus removal and lower total nitrogen and nitrate removal from ROC_b than ROC_a was related to the presence of various denitrifying or phosphorus accumulating bacteria in the BAC.
Removal of low concentration of phosphorus from solution by free and immobilized cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri YG-24
2012, Desalination
Citation Excerpt :
Many studies have reported that Accumulibacter was present in relative abundance (4–22% of all bacteria) in full-scale sludge, and was concluded to be an important organism contributing to P removal in EBPR plants [7]. Acinetobacter, Micrococcus and Pseudomonas species have also been considered as members of microorganisms in EBPR [8] and pure PAO strains have been introduced into the P removal from water [4,9–11]. Pure PAOs showed some advantages in P removal, such as a shorter time for adaptation than the EBPR system [4] and they could be used as immobilized cells suitable for industrial application [12,13].
Phosphorus (P) in wastewater is a main factor causing eutrophication, and removal of low concentrations of P (≤ 1.0 mg L^− 1) is an important, but not fully studied topic. The removal of low content of P is rather difficult or expensive. To develop alternative biological methods for the removal of low concentration P, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria in surface sediment of Taihu Lake in China were isolated and characterized. Among these bacteria, a Pseudomonas stutzeri strain YG-24 was found to be able to remove 97% to 100% of P in a synthetic wastewater with total P less than 1.0 mg L^− 1. After immobilization by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-sodium alginate, this strain still showed high percentage of P removal, and maintained high efficiency in five sample loading cycles. In addition, the immobilized cells displayed better pH-resistance than free cells. The removal of P in overlying water sample collected from Taihu Lake was also satisfactory. These results demonstrated the potential of using immobilized cells of YG-24 to remove low concentrations of P in wastewater treatment.
Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor supplied with glucose as a sole carbon source
2000, Water Research
Metabolism of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in an anaerobic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated when glucose was supplied as a sole carbon source. There have been several reports claiming that the EBPR could not be accomplished with glucose feed as a carbon source due to the dominating growth of so-called “G-bacteria” which do not accumulate polyphosphate and take up glucose without ortho-phosphate release under anaerobic condition. However, in our work, high EBPR could be achieved even with the use of glucose as a sole carbon source following completely different mechanisms from previous reports.
Glucose disappearance and glycogen accumulation rapidly occurred, which coincided with other reports. But the release of ortho-phosphate and synthesis of poly 3-hydoxy alkanoic acids (PHAs) were related to total organic carbon (TOC) concentration rather than glucose concentration. The fate of glucose in anaerobic/aerobic stages was investigated by supplying all ¹³C-labelled glucose at the beginning of anaerobic stage which was traced by ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy. Results showed that the EBPR with glucose supply was accomplished at least by two kinds of microbial populations, a lactic acid producing organism (LPO) and a polyphosphate accumulating organism (PAO). During the anaerobic stage, about 0.42-C mmol of PHAs was synthesized from 1 C-mmol of glucose while 0.12 P-mmol of phosphate was released at pH 6.9. The amount of phosphate release was proportional to the pH value. The amount of PHAs synthesized was less than the amount of glucose added since glucose was converted to the other storage compound (inferred as lactic acid polymer) by the LPO in addition to the PHAs by PAO. During the aerobic phase, PHAs and storage compounds in cells were metabolized and phosphate uptake occurred. In this work, a probable metabolic pathway of PHA synthesis and phosphorus removal was proposed in a SBR supplied with glucose as a sole carbon source.
Screening of phosphorus removing bacteria from activated sludge for biological phosphorus removal: starch-anoxic/aerobic alternation and acetate-anaerobic/aerobic alternation system
2022, Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/China Environmental Science
Design, operation and technology configurations for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process: a review
2020, Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology
Role of Phosphate-Accumulating Bacteria in Biological Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater
2020, Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology

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Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering

Abstract

References (31)

Uptake and release of phosphate by a pure culture of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus

Water Res.

Growth characteristics of batch-cultured activated sludge and its phosphate elimination capacity

J. Ferment. Technol.

Acinetobacter sp. growth in alternate anaerobic/aerobic conditions

The role of Acinetobacter as a phosphorus removing agent in activated sludge

Water Res.

Acinetobacter: its role in biological phosphate removal

Distribution of isoplenoid quinone structural types in bacteria and their taxonomic implications

Microbiol. Rev.

Exchange of organics, phosphate and cations between sludge and water in biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal processes

Water Sci. Technol.

Control of activated sludge filamentous bulking-IV, formulation of basic principles

Water Res.

The location and nature of accumulated phosphorus in seven sludges from activated sludge plants which exhibited enhanced phosphorus removal

Water SA

Microbial basis of phosphate removal in the activated sludge process for the treatment of wastewater

Microbial Ecol.

Biochemical model for enhanced biological phosphorus removal

Water Res.

The accumulation of polyphosphate in Acinetobacter spp.

FEMS Microbiol. Lett.

Some physiological characteristics of Acinetobacter spp. accumulating large amounts of phosphate

Water Sci. Technol.

Changes in morphology and phosphate-uptake patterns of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains

Water SA

Studies on the mechanism of biological removal of phosphorus

Japan J. Water Poll. Res.

Cited by (55)

A comparative study of biological activated carbon based treatments on two different types of municipal reverse osmosis concentrates

Removal of low concentration of phosphorus from solution by free and immobilized cells of Pseudomonas stutzeri YG-24

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor supplied with glucose as a sole carbon source

Screening of phosphorus removing bacteria from activated sludge for biological phosphorus removal: starch-anoxic/aerobic alternation and acetate-anaerobic/aerobic alternation system

Design, operation and technology configurations for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process: a review

Role of Phosphate-Accumulating Bacteria in Biological Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater