Local electric fields at individual atomic surface sites: field ion appearance energy measurements
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2022, Progress in Materials ScienceCitation Excerpt :In addition, the critical electric field necessary to trigger field evaporation depends on the composition, and probably also the structure, of each of the phases [615–617]. Subtle roll-up-type, short-range displacements of atoms on a specimen’s surface prior to their departure cause the spatial precision of the measurement to degrade [618–620]. Because a second phase precipitate intersects a specimen’s emitting surface, a different radius of curvature also develops locally according to the magnitude of the electric field (and local work function) required to initiate field evaporation, i.e. the so-called evaporation field.
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2018, Materials CharacterizationCitation Excerpt :This variation in electric field strength across the surface atoms gives the final contrast in the FIM image. The contrast in FIM also depends on the gas supply function and adsorption behavior [6-8]. Atomic resolution can be attained in some cases on certain high index facets where the surface field distribution is corrugated enough to give contrast in the image.
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2011, UltramicroscopyCitation Excerpt :After W surface preparation (cleaning by visually controlled field evaporation at 79 K and characterization by FIM using Ne as imaging gas), the system was exposed to oxygen, Li was evaporated on the W surface, and the Li/O-covered surface was imaged with Li+ ions, similarly as it was done in Ref. [21] for Li/O-covered Rh surface. In a probe-hole experiment, the local Li+ ion emission flux from few (typically ≤10) selected surface sites on the W-tip was mass-to-charge resolved in a magnetic sector field and energy-analyzed with a five-electrode electrostatic retarding potential analyzer [22] (Fig. 1). By varying the threshold voltage δ=Ur–Ue (with Ur and Ue being the potentials of the retarder net and of the W emitter tip, respectively) the field ion retardation curves N=N(δ) can be obtained for any imaging gas ions emitted from the chosen surface sites on the tip surface.
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On leave from Technical University Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine.