Cell
Volume 76, Issue 4, 25 February 1994, Pages 747-760
Journal home page for Cell

Article
Mouse JunD negatively regulates fibroblast growth and antagonizes transformation by ras

https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90513-4Get rights and content

Abstract

As NIH 3T3 fibroblasts become quiescent, the level of c-Jun protein decreases while JunD accumulates. When resting cells are stimulated with fresh serum, nuclear-localized JunD is rapidly degraded, followed by resynthesis of both c-Jun and JunD later in G1. Overexpression of JunD results in slower growth and an increase in the percentage of cells in G0G1 while c-Jun overexpression produces larger SG2 and M phase populations. In addition, JunD partially suppresses transformation by an activated ras gene whereas c-Jun cooperates with ras to transform cells. These data indicate that two clsely related transcription factors can function in an opposing manner.

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      c-Jun and JunB are positive AP-1 factors and their activation promotes the transition from a quiescent state to proliferative state. In contrast, JunD functions as a negative AP-1 factor and its activation generally is considered to suppress cell proliferation [30,33,34]. Furthermore, studies on transgenic mice demonstrated that c-Jun and JunB are essential for embryonic development, whereas JunD is dispensable for mammalian development [35].

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    The first two authors contributed equally to this work.

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