Binding of single-strand DNA to human platelets

doi:10.1016/0049-3848(81)90037-2

Thrombosis Research

Volume 24, Issues 1–2, 1–15 October 1981, Pages 119-129

https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-3848(81)90037-2 Get rights and content

Abstract

¹²⁵I-labelled single strand DNA (ss-DNA) was found to bind to human platelets. Binding was time and dose dependent. It could be inhibited by unlabelled ss-DNA and polyinosinic acid but not by native DNA or polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid. Radiolabel was removed from platelets following digestion with deoxyribonuclease but not ribonuclease. Binding of ¹²⁵I-ss-DNA to platelets did not require platelet aggregation or release of platelet granule constituents. These studies suggest that human platelets possess a membrane receptor for single-stranded polynucleotides which could be important in modulation of platelet function.

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The ultrastructure and cellular composition of thrombi has a profound effect on the outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), coronary (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Activated neutrophils release a web-like structure composed mainly of DNA and citrullinated histones, called neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) that modify the stability and lysability of fibrin. Here, we investigated the NET-related structural features of thrombi retrieved from different arterial localizations and their interrelations with routinely available clinical data.
Thrombi extracted from AIS (n = 78), CAD (n = 66) or PAD (n = 64) patients were processed for scanning electron microscopy, (immune)stained for fibrin, citrullinated histone H3 (cH3) and extracellular DNA. Fibrin fiber diameter, cellular components, DNA and cH3 were measured and analyzed in relation to clinical parameters.
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Extracellular DNA traps promote platelet activation, platelet aggregation and thrombosis (Fig. 2) [36]. In vitro studies demonstrate that platelets bind to DNA and are activated by histones [37], the two components of NETs respectively [38]. Although the exact mechanism of platelet interaction with NETs remains unknown, interaction via the A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (vWF) is proposed as a plausible mechanism by which vWF can bind to histones [39].
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  1. Platelets bind specifically lactoferrin.
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  2. The lactoferrin binding to the platelets depends on the concentration of labelled lactoferrin, the number of platelets, the time of incubation and pH.
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  3. The binding was characterized by two types of binding site: one with high affinity and low capacity, and another with low affinity and high capacity (respectively k_{aff 1} = 13.6 × 10⁹1/mol and about 40 binding sites, and K_{aff 2} = 1.23 × 10⁹1/mol and about 135 binding sites per platelet).
- 4.
  4. Both human transferrin and bovine lactoferrin compete with human lactoferrin for the receptors.
- 5.
  5. The presence of lactoferrin receptors on the platelet membrane surface is connected most probably with the effect(s) on the cell function(s) of these cells.
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PaperBinding of single-strand DNA to human platelets

Abstract

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

J. Biol. Chem.

Blood

J. Biol. Chem.

Thrombosis Res.

Life Sci.

Blood

The release of DNA into serum and synovial fluid

Arthritis Rheum.

Detection of circulating DNA by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE)

Arthritis Rheum.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and antibodies in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

J. Clin. Invest.

Excretion of deoxyribonucleic acid by lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin or antigen

Excretion of DNA by purified human lymphocyte subpopulations

J. Immunol

Studies on the nature of circulating DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

J. Rheumatol.

Characterization of DNA excreted from phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes

J. Exp. Med.

Paper
Binding of single-strand DNA to human platelets