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Separation performance of the calix[8]arene functionalized with polyethylene glycol units for capillary gas chromatography

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Abstract

In this paper, an amphiphilic calix[8]arene with polyethylene glycol unit branches (C8A-PEG) was synthesized and applied for capillary gas chromatography (GC). The C8A-PEG was coated on the inner wall of a capillary column by a static method with the column efficiency of 3165 plates/m and polar nature. As demonstrated, the C8A-PEG column has excellent physicochemical properties and separation performance since it has π-electron-rich 3D cavity which combines with polar PEG units. Compared with two columns corresponding to the construction units C8A and PEG, the C8A-PEG column shows distinctly advantageous performance for the mixture of 22 components with diverse types. Impressively, it shows satisfactory resolution for positional isomers and cis-/trans- isomers, especially the challenging isomers of toluidine and dimethylaniline. The outstanding distinguishing capability of the C8A-PEG stationary phase is mainly attributed to the abundant molecular recognition interactions, including van der Waals, dipole–dipole, H-bonding and π–π stacking interactions. This work has proved that the new GC stationary phases constructed by different units can complement each other's advantages, improve their physicochemical properties and separation performance, and have broad application prospects in chromatographic analysis.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21705072), Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20180550016), the Training Project for Youth Backbone Teachers in Colleges and Universities of Luoyang normal university, and the Colleges and Universities in Henan Province Key Science and Research Project (No. 23A150008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Liaoning Province Professional and Technical Innovation Center for Fine Chemical Engineering of Aromatics Downstream, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111003, People’s Republic of China

    Qiuchen Huang, Zhiqiang Cai, Ruonan Chen, Wei Li & Wei Zhang

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, People’s Republic of China

    Yi Zhao, Keyun Jin, Yiwen Li & Tao Sun

  3. Key Laboratory for Chemical Drug Research of Shandong Province, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250101, Shandong, People’s Republic of China

    Wentao Liu

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  1. Qiuchen Huang
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Correspondence to Zhiqiang Cai, Tao Sun or Wentao Liu.

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Huang, Q., Cai, Z., Chen, R. et al. Separation performance of the calix[8]arene functionalized with polyethylene glycol units for capillary gas chromatography. ANAL. SCI. 39, 989–998 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44211-023-00307-7

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