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Light conditions affect the growth, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the white-rot fungus Lentinus crinitus mycelial biomass

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Abstract

The mycelial biomass of basidiomycetes is a promising source of compounds and represents an alternative for industrial and biotechnological applications. Fungi use light as information and hold photoresponse mechanisms, in which sensors respond to light wavelengths and regulate various biological processes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of blue, green, and red lights on the growth, chemical composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Lentinus crinitus mycelial biomass. The chemical composition of the mycelial biomass was determined by chromatographic methods, antioxidant activity was analyzed by in vitro assays, and antimicrobial activity was investigated by the microdilution assay. The highest mycelial biomass yield was observed under blue-light cultivation. Many primordia arose under blue or green light, whereas the stroma was formed under red light. The presence of light altered the primary fungal metabolism, increasing the carbohydrate, tocopherol, fatty acid, and soluble sugar contents, mostly mannitol, and reducing the protein and organic acid concentrations. Cultivation under red light increased the phenol concentration. In contrast, cultivation under blue and green lights decreased phenol concentration. Benzoic and gallic acids were the main phenolic acids in the hydroalcoholic extracts, and the latter acids increased in all cultures under light, especially red light. Mycelial biomass cultivated under red light showed the highest antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method showed that all light wavelengths increased the antioxidant activity of mycelial biomass, with the highest value under red light. Moreover, the β-carotene/linoleic acid co-oxidation (BCLA) assay demonstrated that the antioxidant activity was affected by light cultivation. Mycelial biomass grown under all conditions exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activities. Thus, mycelial biomass cultivation of L. crinitus under light conditions may be a promising strategy for controlling the mycelial chemical composition and biomass yield.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Universidade Paranaense (36900/2020), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES), Fundação Araucária, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, 307953/2017-3) for financial support and fellowships. The authors are also grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support from the national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020) and P.I. for the institutional scientific employment program contract for L.B. and A.F. This research was also funded by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development (Contract No. 451-03-68/2022-14/200007).

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  1. Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agricultura, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, PR, Brazil

    Marisangela Isabel Wietzikoski Halabura, Katielle Vieira Avelino, Nelma Lopes Araújo, Adma Soraia Serea Kassem & Juliana Silveira do Valle

  2. Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Umuarama, PR, Brazil

    Flávio Augusto Vicente Seixas

  3. Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal

    Lillian Barros, Ângela Fernandes & Ângela Liberal

  4. Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Marija Ivanov & Marina Soković

  5. Pós-graduação em Alimento, Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

    Giani Andrea Linde

  6. Pós-graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

    Nelson Barros Colauto

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  1. Marisangela Isabel Wietzikoski Halabura
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Correspondence to Juliana Silveira do Valle.

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Halabura, M.I.W., Avelino, K.V., Araújo, N.L. et al. Light conditions affect the growth, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the white-rot fungus Lentinus crinitus mycelial biomass. Photochem Photobiol Sci 22, 669–686 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43630-022-00344-7

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