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Pathogenicity of Vibrio harveyi and its biocontrol using bacteriophages

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Abstract

Vibrio harveyi is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, polar flagellate, facultatively anaerobic, halophilic, bioluminescent marine bacteria that belongs to the family of Vibrionaceae, class, Gammaproteobacteria. This pathogenic organism is responsible for various diseases of vertebrates and invertebrates in marine habitats, including shrimp aquaculture. Various symptoms like lesions, gastroenteritis, skin ulcers, eye lesions, and tail rot have been observed due to V. harveyi infection. The pathogenicity mechanism of V. harveyi involves endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, extracellular proteases, and bacteriophage interaction. Hemolysin genes encoded extracellular hemolysin-like phospholipase B toxin could inactivate fish species via the caspase inactivation pathway, ultimately leading to apoptosis. In addition, VBNC (viable but nonculturable) cells are another basis of vibriosis outbreaks in the shrimp aquaculture sector. The extensive amount of antibiotic use promotes the generation of multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, as an alternative strategy to combat V. harveyi infection, bacteriophages are utilized as a biocontrol agent. However, there is a lack of research on the immobilization and development of encapsulation strategies of V. harveyi-infecting bacteriophages which need to be studied further. In conclusion, the pathogenicity of V. harveyi and its biocontrol by bacteriophages has been documented in this review.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dr. Pradip Ghosh, Director, Midnapore City College for providing essential support to carry out this work.

Funding

The authors are grateful to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a statutory body of the Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India (Sanction Order No. CRG/2019/001750 dated 14th January, 2020) for financial assistance.

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  1. Smita Ghosh and Priyanka Kar have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Smita Ghosh, Priyanka Kar, Sudipta Chakrabarti, Shrabani Pradhan & Kuntal Ghosh

  2. Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Smita Ghosh & Priyanka Kar

  3. Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Keshab Chandra Mondal

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Contributions

SG: formal analysis, resources, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. PK: formal analysis, resources, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. SC: formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing. SP: formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing. KCM: formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing. KG: conceptualization, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, supervision, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Kuntal Ghosh.

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Ghosh, S., Kar, P., Chakrabarti, S. et al. Pathogenicity of Vibrio harveyi and its biocontrol using bacteriophages. Syst Microbiol and Biomanuf 3, 552–570 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43393-023-00178-z

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