Abstract
In the present study, determination of morphological characteristics, physicochemical analysis (proximate analysis, extractive value, screening of inorganic constituents, fluorescence analysis), and elemental analysis of various parts of Euphorbia neriifolia (EN) were carried out according to the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). Qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed for the identification of bioactive constituents present in EN. Organoleptic characteristics found to be useful in evaluating the quality of EN parts and to classify them in terms of properties that influence the differential use of EN parts in treatment of diseases. Physicochemical analysis revealed the presence of lower content of total ash (0.315 ± 0.03; 0.335 ± 0.011 %w/w), water soluble ash (1.719 ± 0.190; 2.305 ± 0.08 %w/w), and acid insoluble ash (1.95 ± 0.045; 2.07 ± 0.05 %w/w) in the latex and leaf followed by other two parts. The sulfated ash value (0.065 ± 0.015; 0.067 ± 0.050 %w/w) was found to be lower in bark and leaf. The stem powder followed by other parts represented the lower content (10.8 ± 0.1 %d/w) of moisture. The value of pH ranged from 5.1 to 6.9 in the different part of EN. The maximum extractive value was reported in the aqueous extracts (12.794%) of EN stem. Among different inorganic constituents, phosphate and chloride were analysed in all the parts of EN. The fluorescence analysis showed characteristic change of color under different chemical treatments and heavy metal concentration (Cu, Mn, Cd, Pb, As, Zn, and Cr) was observed to be in permissible limit. The phytochemical screening (PS) revealed the presence of primary (carbohydrates, fixed oil and fats, and organic acids) and secondary (essential oil, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and tannins) metabolites in high and moderate amount among all parts of EN. Thus, it can be concluded that the present study could serve as a base for the isolation and characterization of novel natural therapeutic agents for ethano-pharmacological research.
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Abbreviations
- ADR:
-
adverse drug reactions
- EN:
-
Euphorbia neriifolia
- WHO:
-
world health organization
- PS:
-
phytochemical screening
- UV:
-
ultraviolet
- AAS:
-
Atomic adsorption spectroscopy
- SD:
-
standard deviation
- ANOVA:
-
analysis of variance
- L:
-
length
- SE:
-
sequential extract
- Cu:
-
copper
- Mn:
-
manganese
- Cd:
-
cadmium
- Pb:
-
lead
- As:
-
arsenic
- Zn:
-
zinc
- Cr:
-
chromium
- ppm:
-
parts per million
- P:
-
petroleum ether
- B:
-
benzene
- C:
-
chloroform
- E:
-
ethylacetate
- M:
-
methanol
- A:
-
aqueous.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to warmly thank Vice-Chancellor of Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan for providing excellent research facilities and also acknowledge the Bioinformatics Centre, Banasthali Vidyapith supported by DBT and DST for providing computation and networking support through the FIST and CURIE programs at the Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan.
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All authors conceived and designed the study. PC conducted the experiments, analyzed the data and wrote this paper. PJ: She is a Research guide and Assistant Professor and under her noble guidance the whole work is carried out.
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Chaudhary, P., Janmeda, P. Comparative pharmacognostical standardization of different parts of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. Vegetos 36, 210–221 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-022-00508-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-022-00508-x