Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Application of Hydraulic Arm Bushings with Frequency-Dependent Stiffness to Compromise Hunting Stability and Curve Negotiation Performance for a Passenger Coach

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The inherent conflict between hunting stability and curve negotiation performance is a well-known challenge in railway vehicle dynamics. Stiff axle guidance of bogies can achieve high stability while good curving performance requires longitudinally soft guidance. To overcome the conflict, the application of hydraulic arm bushings with frequency-dependent stiffness to a passenger coach with small-radius wheels is discussed as a case study in this work.

Methods

This type of bushing could provide low longitudinal stiffness when the wheelset yaw frequency is below 1 Hz, and the bushing stiffness becomes much larger when the wheelset yaw frequency exceeds 2 Hz. This frequency-dependent stiffness characteristic enables to achieve high stability on straight tracks and good curving performance in curves, and it can be represented by the Zener model. Four schemes including the nominal guiding design and three hydraulic arm-bushing designs are introduced, and the corresponding performances in various simulation scenarios, such as hunting stability, curving negotiation and long-term wheel wear behaviours, are compared by using the multibody simulations.

Results

The critical hunting speeds for the four schemes SX31, SX3.9, SX1.6 and SX2.0 are 211, 209, 198 and 207 km/h respectively, and they are affected by the largest stiffness in the Zener model. Since the scheme SX1.6 has the smallest static stiffness in the Zener model, it generally has the best curve negotiation performance such as the lowest wheel-rail lateral force and the minimum wear number, and its long-term wheel wear volume is also the lowest among all schemes.

Conclusion

Applying hydraulic arm bushings could significantly reduce the wheelset attack angle and the wear number in curves, especially in tight curves, which can be one of the countermeasures to reduce wear for small-radius wheels. Besides, low static stiffness and high dynamic stiffness are necessary for the arm bushing design to balance stability and curving performance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Iwnicki S, Spiryagin M, Cole C et al (2020) Handbook of railway vehicle dynamics. Taylor & Francis, London

    Google Scholar 

  2. Jendel T (2002) Prediction of wheel profile wear—comparisons with field measurements. Wear 253(1–2):89–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(02)00087-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Olofsson U, Telliskivi T (2003) Wear, plastic deformation and friction of two rail steels—a full-scale test and a laboratory study. Wear 254(1–2):80–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(02)00291-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Singh S, Kumar A (2022) Modelling and analysis of a passenger train for enhancing the ride performance using MR-based semi-active suspension. J Vib Eng Technol 10:1737–1751. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-022-00479-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sharma SK, Saini U, Kumar A (2019) Semi-active control to reduce lateral vibration of passenger rail vehicle using disturbance rejection and continuous state damper controllers. J Vib Eng Technol 7:117–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-019-00088-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Scheffel H, Fröhling RD, Heyns PS (1994) Curving and stability analysis of self-steering bogies having a variable yaw constraint. Veh Syst Dyn 23(sup1):425–436. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423119308969531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bracciali A, Megna G (2016) Inside frame bogies & AIR wheelset: A winning mar-riage. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Railway Bogies and Running Gears, Budapest, Hungary, September 12–15, pp.61–71

  8. Iwnicki SD, Stichel S, Orlova A, Hecht M (2015) Dynamics of railway freight vehicles. Veh Syst Dyn 53(7):995–1033. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2015.1037773

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hecht M (2009) Wear and energy-saving freight bogie designs with rubber primary springs: principles and experiences. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part F J Rail Rapid Transit 223(2):105–110. https://doi.org/10.1243/09544097JRRT227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Krishna VV, Casanueva C, Hossein-Nia S, Stichel S (2019) FR8RAIL Y25 running gear for high tonnage and speed. In: Proceedings of the International Heavy Haul Association STS conference (IHHA 2019), Narvik, Norway, June 12–14, pp.690–697

  11. Yang C, Li F, Huang Y, Wang K, He B (2013) Comparative study on wheel–rail dynamic interactions of side-frame cross-bracing bogie and sub-frame radial bogie. J Modern Transport 21(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40534-013-0001-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Evans J (2011) Application of the ‘Hall’ hydraulic radial arm bush to a 200 km/h inter-city coach. In: The 22nd International Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicle on Road and Tracks (IAVSD 2011), Manchester Metropolitan University, UK, August 20–24

  13. Hecht M, Pfeiffer M, Reinhardt P (2013) Untersuchungen zum Energieeinsparpotential bei einer optimierten Radialeinstellung über die Achslenkerlagerung mittels MKS-Simulation (HALL-Buchsen). Technische Universität Berlin, Report No. 10/2013

  14. Jiang JZ, Li Y, Qu C, Tucker G, Smith M, Houghton N (2020) Enhanced trailing arm bush design for rail surface damage reduction. A report to the Rail Safety and Standards Board (RSSB). (Report No. PB028109)

  15. Qu C, Li Y, Jiang JZ et al (2022) Reducing wheel–rail surface damage by incorporating hydraulic damping in the Bogie primary suspension. Veh Syst Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2022.2092012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Smith M (2002) Synthesis of mechanical networks: the inerter. IEEE Trans Autom Control 47(10):1648–1662. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2002.803532

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Lewis TD, Jiang JZ et al (2019) Using an inerter-based suspension to improve both passenger comfort and track wear in Railway Vehicles. Veh Syst Dyn 58(3):472–493. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2019.1589535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Lewis TD, Li Y et al (2019) Improving the track friendliness of a four-axle railway vehicle using an inertance-integrated lateral primary suspension. Veh Syst Dyn 59(1):115–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2019.1664752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Perez J, Stow JM, Iwnicki SD (2006) Application of active steering systems for the reduction of rolling contact fatigue on Rails. Veh Syst Dyn 44(sup1):730–740. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423110600883702

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Fu B, Hossein-Nia S, Stichel S, Bruni S (2020) Study on active wheelset steering from the perspective of wheel wear evolution. Veh Syst Dyn 60(3):906–929. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2020.1838569

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Park J-H, Koh H-I, Hur H-M, Kim M-S, You W-H (2010) Design and analysis of an active steering bogie for urban trains. J Mech Sci Technol 24(6):1353–1362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-010-0341-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang X, Liu B, Di Gialleonardo E, Kovacic I, Bruni S (2021) Application of semi-active yaw dampers for the improvement of the stability of high-speed rail vehicles: mathematical Models and numerical simulation. Veh Syst Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2021.1912366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Liu C, Chen L, Lee HP, Yang Y, Zhang X (2023) Generalized Skyhook-Groundhook hybrid strategy and control on vehicle suspension. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 72(2):1689–1700. https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2022.3210171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Liu C, Chen L, Yang X, Zhang X, Yang Y (2019) General theory of Skyhook control and its application to semi-active Suspension Control Strategy Design. IEEE Access 7:101552–101560. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2930567

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tian S, Luo X, Xiao C, Zhou J (2022) Rail vehicle running safety and steering efficiency evaluation method based on equivalent curvature difference of active steering technology. Veh Syst Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2022.2066550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Michálek T, Kohout M (2021) On the problems of lateral force effects of railway vehicles in S-curves. Veh Syst Dyn. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2021.1917631

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Iwnicki S (1998) Manchester benchmarks for rail vehicle simulation. Veh Syst Dyn 30(3):295–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423119808969454

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Kuhnert WM, Cammarano A, Silveira M, Gonçalves PJ (2020) Synthesis of viscoelastic behavior through electromechanical coupling. J Vib Eng Technol 9:367–379. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-020-00235-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Polach O (2006) On non-linear methods of bogie stability assessment using computer simulations. Proc Inst Mech Eng Part F J Rail Rapid Transit 220(1):13–27. https://doi.org/10.1243/095440905X33251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. ERRI B176 RP1 (1989) Preliminary Studies and Specifications—Specification for a Bogie with Improved Curving Characteristics—Specifications for a Bogie with Improved Curving Characteristics for Body Tilt, Utrecht, Netherlands

  31. Hossein-Nia S, Sichani MS, Stichel S, Casanueva C (2017) Wheel life prediction model—an alternative to the FASTSIM algorithm for RCF. Veh Syst Dyn 56(7):1051–1071. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2017.1403636

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhou Y (2023) Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures for the Application of Small Wheels on Railway Vehicles from the Perspective of Vehicle Dynamics. Technische Universität Berlin; (Doctoral Thesis) https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-18897

Download references

Funding

This study was supported by China Scholarship Council, 201907000128.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China

    Yichang Zhou

  2. Institute of Land and Sea Transport Systems, Technische Universität Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany

    Yichang Zhou, Qiuyong Tian & Markus Hecht

Authors
  1. Yichang Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Qiuyong Tian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Markus Hecht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qiuyong Tian.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, Y., Tian, Q. & Hecht, M. Application of Hydraulic Arm Bushings with Frequency-Dependent Stiffness to Compromise Hunting Stability and Curve Negotiation Performance for a Passenger Coach. J. Vib. Eng. Technol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-024-01393-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-024-01393-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation