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High Content Microfibrillated Cellulose Suspensions Produced from Deep Eutectic Solvents Treated Fibres Using Twin-Screw Extruder

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Abstract

In this study, cellulosic fibres (bleached Kraft pulp of Eucalyptus), pre-treated with Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES), have been microfibrillated using a twin-screw extruder (TSE). DES pre-treatment was performed for 4 h at 100 °C with three eutectic systems: betaine hydrochloride–urea, choline chloride–urea and choline chloride–monoethanolamine. DES-treated fibres were first refined (PFI-mill) and then passed four times through the TSE whose advantage is to obtain microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) at high solid content (20%). Several characterisations were carried out before and after TSE to evaluate the effects of these treatments on both the fibres and MFC. The Young’s modulus of the obtained nanopapers was, for instance, around 6 GPa. Extruded-MFC were compared to those produced by ultrafine grinding. The comparison showed that the ultrafine grinding allows obtaining MFC of better quality. This result can be attributed to the slipping phenomenon occurred during extrusion.

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Abbreviations

BHCl:

Betaine hydrochloride

CC:

Choline chloride

CrI:

Crystallinity index

DP:

Degree of polymerisation

EF:

Eucalyptus fibres

M:

Monoethanolamine

MFC:

Microfibrillated cellulose

QI*:

Simplified quality index

TSE:

Twin-screw extruder

U:

Urea

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the “PHC Utique” program of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of higher education, research and innovation and the Tunisian Ministry of higher education and scientific research in the CMCU project number TN 18G1132//FR 39316VF. LGP2 is part of the LabEx Tec 21 (Investissements d’Avenir—grant agreement n°ANR-11-LABX-0030) and of PolyNat Carnot Institute (Investissements d’Avenir—grant agreement n° ANR-16-CARN-0025-01). This research was made possible thanks to the facilities of the TekLiCell platform funded by the Région Rhône-Alpes (ERDF: European regional development fund). The authors would like to thank thank Thierry Encinas from CMTC—Grenoble, France for the XRD analysis, Bertine Khlifi from LGP2 for SEM observations and Maxime Terrien from LGP2 for the help in using the twin-screw extruder.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Clean Process (LCE2P-LR21ES04), University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia

    Ahlem Mnasri, Ramzi Khiari & Hatem Dhaouadi

  2. CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France

    Ahlem Mnasri, Ramzi Khiari & Evelyne Mauret

  3. Department of Textile, Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Ksar Hellal, Ksar Hellal, Tunisia

    Ramzi Khiari

  4. CNRS, CERMAV, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38041, Grenoble, France

    Sami Halila

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  1. Ahlem Mnasri
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Correspondence to Ramzi Khiari.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest. Ramzi Khiari is Guest Editor of the Special Issue "Lignocellulose at multiscale: preparation characterization".

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Mnasri, A., Khiari, R., Dhaouadi, H. et al. High Content Microfibrillated Cellulose Suspensions Produced from Deep Eutectic Solvents Treated Fibres Using Twin-Screw Extruder. Chemistry Africa 6, 2297–2307 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00511-4

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