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Physiochemical and biological evaluation of stirrer- and autoclaved-based syntheses of cerium oxide nanoparticles using ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract

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Abstract

The purpose of this work was to examine the physiochemical and biological aspects of plant-mediated cerium oxide nanomaterials (CeO2 NMs) using Zingiber officinale extract using stirring-based and autoclaved-based syntheses. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthesized CeO2 NMs exhibited the cubic fluorite crystal structure with the particle diameters of 3.73 nm (stirred) and 3.81 nm (autoclaved). Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the attachment of various functional groups that are covalently bonded to the CeO2 NMs. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the spherical-agglomerated morphology of CeO2 NMs. The assessment of the CeO2 NM antioxidant properties using the radical scavenging assays showed a higher scavenging capacity of 34% and 43% for stirred-CeO2 NMs, respectively. Similarly, stirred-CeO2 NMs exhibited significant total antioxidant capacity (61 µgAAE/mg) and total reduction potential (52 µgAAE/mg) than autoclaved-CeO2 NMs. Likewise, stirred-CeO2 NM potential was determined to be higher for enzyme inhibitory activities (α-amylase, urease, and lipase) as compared to autoclaved-CeO2 NMs. The significant peroxidase-like activity was depicted by stirred-CeO2 NMs. Antibacterial activity of CeO2 NMs and the ginger extract was found to be mild (7–7.5 mm zone of inhibition) against tested bacterial strains except for S. entertica, against which ginger extract showed a moderate zone of inhibition (9 mm). The study concludes that ginger extract can synthesize CeO2 NMs following different synthetic modes. The presence of enough oxygen vacancies in stirred-CeO2 NMs facilitates the enhanced shifting between Ce3+ and Ce4+ by interaction with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), implying that nanomaterials hold promise for further exploration in biomedical applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Biotechnology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

    Shahrukh Awan, Anila Sajjad & Muhammad Zia

  2. School of Chemical and Material Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Zeeshan Ali

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SA and AS performed the experiment. MZ did the analyses. MZ conceived the idea, supervised the work, and proofread the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Muhammad Zia.

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Awan, S., Sajjad, A., Ali, Z. et al. Physiochemical and biological evaluation of stirrer- and autoclaved-based syntheses of cerium oxide nanoparticles using ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract. emergent mater. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-024-00651-y

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