Abstract
Invariant Hahn–Banach theorems are proved in the context of right amenable, weakly almost periodic representations of semigroups on locally convex spaces. Applications are made to invariant means, invariant measures, and to Banach limits on weakly almost periodic flows. Additionally, invariant linear Hahn–Banach extension operators are shown to exist on suitable invariant subspaces of Banach spaces. The key construct on which these results depend is the lifting of a representation on a semigroup S to its coefficient compactification, the minimal compactification of S for which the lift is injective.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
To avoid cumbersome notation, we use the same notation for the two representations. Context will make clear which representation is being referenced.
References
Agnew, R.P., and A.P. Morse. 1938. Extensions of linear functionals with applications to limits, integrals, measures, and densities. Annals of Mathematics 39: 20–30.
Bandyopadhyay, P., and A.K. Roy. 2007. Uniqueness of invariant Hahn–Banach extensions. Extracta Mathematicae 22: 93–114.
Berglund, J.F., H.D. Junghenn, and P. Milnes. 1989. Analysis on Semigroups: Function Spaces, Compactifications, Representations. New York: Wiley.
Berglund, J.F., and K. Hofmann. 1967. Compact Semitopological Semigroups and Weakly Almost Periodic Functions. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 42. New York: Springer.
Burckel, R.B. 1970. Weakly Almost Periodic Functions on Semigroups. New York: Gordon and Breach.
de Leeuw, K., and I. Glicksberg. 1961. Applications of almost periodic compactifications. Acta Mathematica 105: 63–97.
de Leeuw, K., and I. Glicksberg. 1961. Almost periodic functions on semigroups. Acta Mathematica 105: 99–140.
Doss, R. 1961. On bounded functions with almost periodic differences. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 12: 488–489.
Dunford, N., and J. Schwartz. 1988. Linear Operators, Part 1: General Theory. New York: Wiley.
Eberlein, W.F. 1949. Abstract ergodic theorems and weak almost periodic functions. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 67: 217–240.
Günzler, H. 1967. Integration of Almost periodic Functions. Mathematische Zeitschrift 102: 253–287.
Junghenn, H.D. 1996. Operator Semigroup Compactifications. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 348: 1051–1073.
Kadets, M.I., and Y.I. Lyubich. 1992. On connections of various forms of almost-periodic representations of groups. Journal of Soviet Mathematics 58: 493–494.
Klee, V.L. 1954. Invariant Extension of Linear Functionals. Pacific Journal of Mathematics 4: 37–46.
Ruppert, W. 1984. Compact Semitopological Semigroups: An Intrinsic Theory. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 1079. New York: Springer.
Schaefer, H.H. 1971. Topological Vector Spaces. New York: Springer.
Shtern, A.I. 2005. Almost periodic functions and representations in locally convex spaces. Russian Mathematical Surveys 60: 489–557.
Silverman, R.J. 1956. Means on semigroups and the Hahn–Banach extension property. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 83: 222–237.
Sims, B., and D. Yost. 1989. Linear Hahn–Banach Extension Operators. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 32: 53–57.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by the author.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Junghenn, H.D. Amenability of representations and invariant Hahn–Banach theorems. J Anal 28, 931–949 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-020-00223-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41478-020-00223-3
Keywords
- Semitopological semigroup
- Weakly almost periodic
- Representation
- Invariant extension
- Invariant mean
- Invariant measure
- Hahn–Banach linear extension