Abstract
Photonuclear reactions using a laser Compton scattering (LCS) gamma source provide a new method for producing radioisotopes for medical applications. Compared with the conventional method, this method has the advantages of a high specific activity and less heat. Initiated by the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS), we conducted a survey of potential photonuclear reactions, \((\upgamma ,\text {n})\), \((\upgamma ,\text {p})\), and \((\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime )\) whose cross sections can be measured at SLEGS by summarising the experimental progress. In general, the data are rare and occasionally inconsistent. Therefore, theoretical calculations are often used to evaluate the production of medical radioisotopes. Subsequently, we verified the model uncertainties of the widely used reaction code TALYS\(-\)1.96, using the experimental data of the \({{}^{100}\hbox {Mo}}(\upgamma ,\text {n})\)\({{}^{99}\hbox {Mo}}\), \({{}^{65}\hbox {Cu}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){{}^{64}\hbox {Cu}}\), and \({{}^{68}\hbox {Zn}}(\upgamma ,\text {p}){{}^{67}\hbox {Cu}}\) reactions.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Science Data Bank at https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.12006 and https://cstr.cn/31253.11.sciencedb.12006.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Xuan Pang and Bao-Hua Sun. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.
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This work was supported by the National Key R &D Program of China (No. 2022YFA1602401), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11961141004, U1832211, 11922501, 12325506) and the National Basic Science Data Center ‘Medical Physics DataBase’ (No. NBSDC-DB-23).
Appendix
Appendix
Experimental data for the production of medical radioisotopes by \((\upgamma ,\text {n})\), \((\upgamma ,\text {p})\), and \((\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime )\) reactions are summarised. Table 5 lists relevant information on these reactions. All the data and information were obtained from the EXFOR database [32].
1.1 \((\upgamma ,\text {n})\)
The cross-sectional data for the production of \({^{11}\hbox {C}}\), \({^{13}\hbox {N}}\), \({^{15}\hbox {O}}\), \({^{18}\hbox {F}}\), \({^{62}\hbox {Cu}}\), \({{}^{64}\hbox {Cu}}\), \({^{89}\hbox {Zr}}\), \({{}^{99}\hbox {Mo}}\), and \({^{186}\hbox {Re}}\) radioisotopes by \((\upgamma ,\text {n})\) reactions are shown in the following figures (Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12).
(Color online) \({^{12}\hbox {C}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{11}\hbox {C}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{14}\hbox {N}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{13}\hbox {N}}\) reaction cross sections
(Color online) \({^{16}\hbox {O}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{15}\hbox {O}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{19}\hbox {F}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{18}\hbox {F}}\) reaction cross sections
(Color online) \({^{63}\hbox {Cu}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{62}\hbox {Cu}}\) reaction cross sections
\({{}^{65}\hbox {Cu}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){{}^{64}\hbox {Cu}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{90}\hbox {Zr}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{89}\hbox {Zr}}\) reaction cross sections
\({{}^{100}\hbox {Mo}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){{}^{99}\hbox {Mo}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{187}\hbox {Re}}(\upgamma ,\text {n}){^{186}\hbox {Re}}\) reaction cross sections
1.2 \((\upgamma ,\text {p})\)
The cross-sectional data for the production of \({^{43}\hbox {K}}\), \({{}^{67}\hbox {Cu}}\), and \({^{177}\hbox {Lu}}\) radioisotopes by \((\upgamma ,\text {p})\) reaction are shown in the following figures (Figs. 13, 14 and 15).
\({^{44}\hbox {Ca}}(\upgamma ,\text {p}){^{43}\hbox {K}}\) reaction cross sections
\({{}^{68}\hbox {Zn}}(\upgamma ,\text {p}){{}^{67}\hbox {Cu}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{178}\hbox {Hf}}(\upgamma ,\text {p}){^{177}\hbox {Lu}}\) reaction cross sections
1.3 \((\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime )\)
The cross-sectional data for the production of \({^\text{103m}\hbox {Rh}}\), \({^\text{113m}\hbox {In}}\), \({^\text{115m}\hbox {In}}\), and \({^\text{195m}\hbox {Pt}}\) radioisotopes by \((\upgamma ,\upgamma ')\) reaction are shown in the following figures (Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19).
\({^{103}\hbox {Rh}}(\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime ){^\text{103m}\hbox {Rh}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{113}\hbox {In}}(\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime ){^\text{113m}\hbox {In}}\) reaction cross sections
(Color online) \({^{115}\hbox {In}}(\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime ){^\text{115m}\hbox {In}}\) reaction cross sections
\({^{195}\hbox {Pt}}(\upgamma ,\upgamma \prime ){^\text{195m}\hbox {Pt}}\) reaction cross sections
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Pang, X., Sun, BH., Zhu, LH. et al. Progress of photonuclear cross sections for medical radioisotope production at the SLEGS energy domain. NUCL SCI TECH 34, 187 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-023-01339-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-023-01339-4