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Pathogen diversity in a Moroccan population of Pyrenophora teres f. teres

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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the virulence variability among Moroccan isolates of Pyrenophora teres f. teres, commonly known as the net form net blotch, of barley. Infection responses of 109 single spore isolates of P. teres f. teres collected in 2016 were assessed for their interaction with 12 barley genotypes after inoculation at the seedling stage under controlled conditions. One week following inoculation, each plant’s second and third leaves were rated for disease severity on a numerical reaction scale of 1–10. Plants rated < 5 and ≥ 5 were scored as resistant and susceptible to P. teres f. teres, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed three isolate clusters and five barley genotype clusters with highly variable mean infection levels. Only four isolates had the same low virulence profile, while each of the remaining 105 isolates exhibited a unique virulence spectrum displaying continuous infection reactions with no location effects. Furthermore, for the first time we document differential virulences in isolates recovered from the same leaf lesion. The barley genotypes displaying some level of resistance to the vast majority of isolates should be particularly useful as resistance sources in barley breeding programs in Morocco. However, given the necrotrophic lifestyle of this fungus and the regular cycles of sexual reproduction, complementary within-field diversification strategies for genetic resistances as well as non-host rotation should become important components of disease management strategies against this highly variable fungus.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, UDELAR, Estación Experimental Dr. M. A. Cassinoni, Paysandú, Uruguay

    Fernanda M. Gamba

  2. Department of Ecological Plant Protection, University of Kassel, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany

    Adnan Šišić & Maria R. Finckh

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  1. Fernanda M. Gamba
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  2. Adnan Šišić
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  3. Maria R. Finckh
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Correspondence to Fernanda M. Gamba.

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Table S1

Mean infection reaction1 of 12 barley genotypes to 109 Pyrenophora teres f. teres isolates. Locations from which isolates were collected: A: Annaceur; M: Meknes; JS: Jemaa-Shaim; KS: Kemis-Zemamra; M: Meknes; S: Sais and T: Tessaout. Each isolate was named according to the location, the first letter/s of the location from which they were collected followed by the number of surveyed field, and after the dot is the number of each conidium isolated. The number after point depicts the number of monoconidial isolates recovered from the same leaf lesion (XLSX 21 KB)

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Gamba, F.M., Šišić, A. & Finckh, M.R. Pathogen diversity in a Moroccan population of Pyrenophora teres f. teres. J Plant Dis Prot 130, 1007–1015 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00749-1

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