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Mapping groundwater recharge potential zones in arid region using remote sensing and GIS perspective, Central Tunisia

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Abstract

Given the semi-arid to arid climate in the Regueb region of Central Tunisia, groundwater is a crucial resource for meeting the escalating demands of socioeconomic development. Careful estimation of the current recharge amount and the delineation of potential zones of rainfall precipitation are required for an accurate evaluation of the regional water balance in order to ensure sustainable development and preserve water resources. The aim of this study was to define the prospective locations for phreatic aquifer recharge by doing a preliminary assessment of the groundwater recharge in the Regueb basin. In order to determine the lateral variation of the recharge zone, ArcGIS was utilized in conjunction with a geological and hydrogeological database that was acquired. The obtained results indicated that there are five recharge potential areas: 5% of the study area has very low, 9% has low, 20% has moderate, 28.5% has good, and 36.5% (located principally in the southern part of the study region) has very good recharge potential. This distribution is controlled principally by the geomorphological, geologic, and hydrogeological features of the region. Reasonable management strategies based on the perennial exploitation of these low-renewable resources are required to optimize water-dependent socio-economic development. The environmental risk from groundwater and/or soil pollution and salinization (total dissolved solids (TDS) in groundwater ranged between 1.19 and 16.92 g/L) is undoubtedly explained by the dual actions of climatic conditions and mismanagement of land resources, especially in the agricultural sector, as the study area is mainly devoted to irrigation of vegetation. In addition, this study is helpful in the establishing and managing sustainable groudwater. An isotopic analysis is recommended to aid the decision maker in establishing an adequate strategy.

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(Modified from Hassini et al. 2023)

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Acknowledgements

The authors are very thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and recommendations. The authors would like to thank the team at the physico-chemical analysis laboratory of soil and water (CRDA) and the staff members of the International Association of Water Resources in the Southern Mediterranean Basin (Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa—Tunisia) for their help during the fieldwork and when handling the chemical analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for the Application of Materials to the Environment, Water and Energy (LAM3E), Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia

    Rim Missaoui, Kaouther Ncibi, Yosra Ayadi & Younes Hamed

  2. University of Gabes, Higher Institute of the Sciences and Techniques of Waters of Gabes (ISSTEG), Gabès, Tunisia

    Rim Missaoui, Bilel Abdelkarim, Kaouther Ncibi & Yosra Ayadi

  3. International Association of Water Resources in the Southern Mediterranean Basin, Gafsa, Tunisia

    Rim Missaoui, Kaouther Ncibi, Serhane Brahmi, Yosra Ayadi & Younes Hamed

  4. Applied Hydro-Sciences Laboratory Research Campus Universitaire, Zrig, 6072,, Gabes, Tunisia

    Bilel Abdelkarim

  5. School of Science and Technology, Geology Division, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy

    Matteo Gentilucci

  6. Water and Environment Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences and Universe, Larbi Tebessi Tebessa University, Tebessa, Algeria

    Serhane Brahmi

  7. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Younes Hamed

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  1. Rim Missaoui
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Missaoui, R., Abdelkarim, B., Ncibi, K. et al. Mapping groundwater recharge potential zones in arid region using remote sensing and GIS perspective, Central Tunisia. Euro-Mediterr J Environ Integr 8, 557–571 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41207-023-00384-0

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