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Model studies of bearing capacity of rectangular foundation subjected to eccentric and inclined loads

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Abstract

This study presents the behaviour of eccentrically inclined loaded rectangular foundation on unreinforced and geogrid reinforced sand carried out experimentally, theoretically and numerically. In the past, several works have been done relating to the estimate of the ultimate bearing capacity (UBC) of shallow foundations supported by geogrid reinforced sand. These researches are limited to strip, square and circular footings. It is found that the less attention was given to determine the UBC of the shallow rectangular foundation under eccentric and inclined load with different depth of embedment \({D}_{\rm f}\). Hence, the present study is based on the behaviour of eccentrically inclined loaded rectangular (surface and embedded) foundation on the unreinforced and geogrid reinforced sand bed. To determine the load–settlement behaviour and compare it with experimental observation, equally theoretical and numerical analysis (PLAXIS 3D) has also been conducted.

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Abbreviations

\({\text{RF}}, R_{{{\text{KR}}}}\) :

Reduction Factor for the unreinforced and reinforced case: respectively

UBC:

Ultimate bearing capacity

B :

Width of foundation

L :

Length of foundation

t :

Thickness of foundation

b :

Length of the reinforcement layer

u :

Location of the top layer of reinforcement from the bottom the foundation

h :

Vertical distance between two consecutive layers

N :

Number of the reinforcement layer

e :

Load eccentricity

α :

Load inclination with the vertical

\(D_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Depth of embedment

\(d_{{\text{f}}}\) :

Total depth from the bottom of the foundation to depth of reinforcement layer

ϒ:

Unit weight of sand

\(\Upsilon_{{\text{d}}}\) :

Dry unit weight of sand

\(\Upsilon_{{{\text{d}}\left( {\max} \right)}}\) :

Maximum dry unit weight of sand

\(\Upsilon_{{{\text{d}}\left( {\min} \right)}}\) :

Minimum dry unit weight of sand

\(q_{{\text{u}}}\) :

Ultimate bearing capacity

\(q\) :

Surface surcharge

\(N_{c} , N_{q} , N_{{{ }\Upsilon }} \) :

Bearing capacity factors

\(S_{c} , S_{q} , S_{{{ }\Upsilon }} \) :

Shape factors

\(d_{c} , d_{q} , d_{{{ }\Upsilon }} \) :

Depth factors

\(i_{c} , i_{q} , i_{{{ }\Upsilon }}\) :

Inclination factors

s :

Settlement

B′:

Effective width of the foundation

A′:

Effective area of the foundation

\(C_{{\text{u}}}\) :

Coefficient of uniformity

\(C_{{\text{c}}}\) :

Coefficient of curvature

c :

Cohesion

G :

Specific gravity

D 10 :

Effective particle size

D r :

Relative density

(ϕ):

Angle of internal friction

\(e_{{\max}}\) :

Maximum void ratio

\(e_{{\min}}\) :

Minimum void ratio

\(f_{{{\text{ie}}}}\) :

Combined inclination-eccentricity factor

\( \propto_{1} , \propto_{2} , \propto_{3} , \propto_{4}\) :

Constants

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Acknowledgements

The present work is supported financially through a Ph.D. scholarship grant (2K16/NITK/PHD/6160052) by The Ministry of Human Resource and Development, Government of India.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India

    Sujata Gupta & Anupam Mital

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  1. Sujata Gupta
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Correspondence to Sujata Gupta.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 6 and 7.

Table 6 Comparative study of the reduction factor in unreinforced sand (test series A)
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Table 7 Comparison of predicted reduction factor with those obtained from the experiment in reinforced sand (test series B)
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Gupta, S., Mital, A. Model studies of bearing capacity of rectangular foundation subjected to eccentric and inclined loads. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 6, 16 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-020-00380-1

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