Abstract
Approximate turbulence energy dissipation time-scaling for the subsonic steam–water two-phase flows has been investigated using a dedicated experimental facility. Steam and water have been injected from both sides using two propellers inside the two conduits in the experimental rig. The capability of the system has been ascertained for the equation between the injected and the dissipated energy. The effect of the rise in the frequency of the injected energy has been found dependent on the amplitude and phase shift of the angular velocities of the propellers and the local velocities. The time-scale for turbulence energy dissipation has been calculated from the time-averaged normalized response amplitudes of the injected energy and the local velocities. It has found to be equal to the crossover limit of the frequency and the difference between the maxima in the response amplitude of the injected energy. The approximate time-scale for the steam–water two-phase flows with the given operating conditions has found to be lies in between 0.115 and 0.116 s for the given subsonic two-phase flows.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahn T, Kang J, Bae B, Jeong JJ, Yun B (2019) Steam condensation in horizontal and inclined tubes under stratified flow conditions. Int J Heat Mass Transf 141:71–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.06.056
Batchelor GK (1982) The theory of homogeneous turbulence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Cadot O, Douady S, Couder Y (1995) Characterization of the low-pressure filaments in a three-dimensional turbulent shear flow. Phys Fluids 7:630–646. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868586
Cadot O, Couder Y, Daerr A, Douady S, Tsinober A (1997a) Energy injection in closed turbulent flows: stirring through boundary layers versus inertial stirring. Phys Rev E 56:427–433. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.56.427
Cadot O, Couder Y, Daerr A, Douady S, Tsinober A (1997b) Energy injection in closed turbulent flows: stirring through boundary layers versus inertial stirring. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Top 56:427–433. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.56.427
Cadot O, Titon JH, Bonn D (2003) Experimental observation of resonances in modulated turbulence. J Fluid Mech 485:161–170. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112003004592
Chen X, Tian M, Qu X, Zhang Y (2019) Numerical investigation on the interfacial characteristics of steam jet condensation in subcooled water flow in a restricted channel. Int J Heat Mass Transf 137:908–921. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.03.165
Douady S, Couder Y, Brachet ME (1991) Direct observation of the intermittency of intense vorticity filaments in turbulence. Phys Rev Lett 67:983–986. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.983
Friedlander SK, Topper L (1961) Turbulence: classic papers on statistical theory. Interscience Publishers, Geneva
Fu P, Zhou Y, Yang X, Yan J, Liu J (2019) Experimental study on the effect of non-condensable gas dissolved in sub-cooled water on steam jet condensation in a rectangular channel. Int J Heat Mass Transf 134:668–679. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.01.079
Gerrard JH (1971) An experimental investigation of pulsating turbulent water flow in a tube. J Fluid Mech 46:43–64. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112071000399
Khan A, Takriff MS, Rosli MI, Othman NTA, Sanaullah K, Rigit ARH, Shah A, Ullah A, Mushtaq MU (2019) Turbulence dissipation & its induced entrainment in subsonic swirling steam injected in cocurrent flowing water. Int J Heat Mass Transf 145:118716. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.118716
Khan A, Takriff MS, Rosli MI, Othman NTA, Sanaullah K, Rigit ARH, Shah A, Ullah A (2020a) Flow characteristics within the wall boundary layers of swirling steam flow in a pipe comprising horizontal and inclined sections. Korean J Chem Eng 37:19–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-019-0404-x
Khan A, Takriff MS, Sanaullah K, Zwawi M, Algarni M, Felemban BF, Bahadar A, Shah A, Rigit ARH (2020b) Periodic compression and cavitation induced shear between steam-water two-phase flows for bio-materials degradation. Int J Environ Sci Technol 17:1591–1626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02601-2
Labbé R, Pinton J-F, Fauve S (1996) Study of the von Kármán flow between coaxial corotating disks. Phys Fluids 8:914–922. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868871
Li SQ, Wang P, Lu T (2015) Numerical simulation of direct contact condensation of subsonic steam injected in a water pool using VOF method and LES turbulence model. Prog Nucl Energy 78:201–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PNUCENE.2014.10.002
LM35 LM35 Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensors (1999)
Lodahl CR, Sumer BM, Fredsøe J (1998) Turbulent combined oscillatory flow and current in a pipe. J Fluid Mech 373:313–348. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112098002559
Lohse D (2000) Periodically kicked turbulence. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 62:4946–4949. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.4946
Lumley JL (1992) Some comments on turbulence. Phys Fluids A Fluid Dyn 4:203–211. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.858347
Mao Z-X, Hanratty TJ (1986) Studies of the wall shear stress in a turbulent pulsating pipe flow. J Fluid Mech 170:545–564. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112086001015
Murphy DL, Macdonald MP, Mahvi AJ, Garimella S (2019) Condensation of propane in vertical minichannels. Int J Heat Mass Transf 137:1154–1166. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.04.023
Omega Engineering, n.d. Digital Tachometer | Omega Engineering [WWW Document]. https://www.omega.com/en-us/sensors-and-sensing-equipment/motion-vibration-and-speed/speed-sensors/p/OMDC-DM8000-Series
Ramaprian BR, Tu SW (1983) Fully developed periodic turbulent pipe flow. Part 2: the detailed structure of the flow. J Fluid Mech 137:59–81. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112083002293
Richardson LF (1926) Atmospheric diffusion shown on a distance-neighbour graph. Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 110:709–737. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1926.0043
Sreenivasan KR (1984) On the scaling of the turbulence energy dissipation rate. Phys Fluids 27:1048. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.864731
van Wissen RJE, Schreel KRAM, van der Geld CWM, Wieringa J (2004) Turbulence production by a steam-driven jet in a water vessel. Int J Heat Fluid Flow 25:173–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATFLUIDFLOW.2003.11.013
von der Heydt A, Grossmann S, Lohse D (2003) Response maxima in modulated turbulence. Phys Rev E 67:046308. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.67.046308
Wang B, Tian R (2019) Study on fluctuation feature and breakdown characteristic of water film on the wall of corrugated plate. Int J Heat Mass Transf 143:118501. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.118501
Xu Q, Guo L, Zou S, Chen J, Zhang X (2013) Experimental study on direct contact condensation of stable steam jet in water flow in a vertical pipe. Int J Heat Mass Transf 66:808–817. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2013.07.083
Ye T, Pan L, Ren Q, Zhou W, Zhong T (2019) Experimental study on distribution parameter characteristics in vertical rod bundles. Int J Heat Mass Transf 132:593–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2018.12.008
Yu X, Sun B, Li Y, Shi J, Zhang G, Wu W, Zhao Z (2019) Numerical investigation of thermal-hydraulic parameter distribution characteristics during dryout evolution in the helically coiled once-through steam generator. Int J Heat Mass Transf 139:373–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.05.034
Zhang Y, Feng L, Liu L, Fu X, Lu D, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Wang Z, Ouyang B (2019) Experimental research on heat transfer characteristics of the unstable multi-hole steam jets and development of the lumped condensation model. Int J Heat Mass Transf 139:46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHEATMASSTRANSFER.2019.05.007
Zocchi G, Tabeling P, Maurer J, Willaime H (1994) Measurement of the scaling of the dissipation at high Reynolds numbers. Phys Rev E 50:3693–3700. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.50.3693
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Institute of Engineering and Technology, Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems, South Ural State University, Lenin prospect 76, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russian Federation for their support to this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khan, A., Sanaullah, K., Zwawi, M. et al. Approximate Turbulence Energy Dissipation Time-Scaling for Subsonic Steam–Water Two-Phase Flows. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 46, 705–714 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-022-00496-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-022-00496-y