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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Diverging Sidewall of Baffled Apron with Semi-circle Blocks on the Energy Dissipation and Scour Hole Dimension at the Downstream

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Abstract

In the present study, the effects of variation of the upstream width of a chute with semi-circular blocks were investigated on the downstream scour hole dimensions and the rate of dissipation energy based on the experimental and 3D numerical models. Accordingly, four baffled chute models with diverging sidewalls and different width ratios of b2/b1, where b1and b2 upstream and downstream width, respectively, (1, 1.45, 1.75, and 2.45) were designed and tested. Dimension of scour hole included maximum (dsmax) and mean (dsmean) scour depth was measured and calculated. Furthermore, for a constant Froude number (Fr), the maximum and mean scour depths were achieved in the model with a ratio of b2/b1 = 1.45 and b2/b1 = 2.45, respectively. A comparison made between the contraction ratios models showed that the energy dissipation efficiency was improved in the models by 2.62, 5.77, and 3.80%, respectively, relative to the case of the fixed-width model. Our results indicated that the highest energy dissipation efficiency was obtained as 5.77% at a width ratio of (b2/b1 = 1.75). Finally, relationships were presented to estimate the dimensions of the scour hole.

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Abbreviations

L smax :

Location of maximum scour hole

L smean :

Location of mean scour hole

D smax :

Maximum scour depth

D smean :

Mean scour depth

V s :

Scour hole volume

h b :

Block height

b1:

Spillway width upstream of the inlet

b2:

Spillway width downstream of the chute

W :

Spillway width downstream of the chute

Y c :

Critical depth of flow over the spillway

H :

Head upstream of spillway in the reservoir

X :

Total length of sedimentary bed

Y :

Total width of sedimentary bed

M :

Length of convergence at upstream

L :

Length of Chute

Q :

Flow discharge

Fr:

Froude number for the flow upstream of the spillway

ΔE/E :

Energy dissipation

CW:

Constant width

DW:

Diverging width

PED:

Energy dissipation performance %

EDW:

Energy dissipation for each width

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering- Water Resources Engineering and Management, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran

    M. Karimi Chahartaghi & M. Solimani Babarsad

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Eghlid Branch, Islamic Azad University, Eghlid, Iran

    S. Nazari

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  1. M. Karimi Chahartaghi
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  3. M. Solimani Babarsad
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Correspondence to S. Nazari.

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Karimi Chahartaghi, M., Nazari, S. & Solimani Babarsad, M. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Diverging Sidewall of Baffled Apron with Semi-circle Blocks on the Energy Dissipation and Scour Hole Dimension at the Downstream. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 46, 1405–1419 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-021-00642-7

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