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Leaf hyperspectral reflectance as a potential tool to detect diseases associated with vineyard decline

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Abstract

Grape production in the Serra Gaúcha region, south of Brazil, is severily constrained by several diseases such as the decline and death syndrome caused grapevine trunk (fungal) diseases (GTDs) and the grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaV). As pathogens induce changes in leaf tissue that modify the reflectance, the spectral signature of asymptomatic and symptomatic grapevine leaves infected by GTDs and GLRaV was analyzed to check whether spectral responses could be useful for disease identification. This work aims at (a) defining the spectral signature of grapevine leaves asymptomatic and symptomatic to GTDs and GLRaV; b) analyzing whether the spectral response of asymptomatic leaves can be distinguished from symptomatic; and (c) defining the most useful wavelengths for discriminating spectral responses. For such, reflectance of leaves in either condition collected in a “Merlot” vineyard during three growing seasons was measured using a spectroradiometer. Principal components and partial least square discriminant analyses confirmed the spectral separation and classes discrimination. The average spectra, difference spectra, and first-order derivative (FOD) spectra indicated differences between asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves in the green peak (520–550 nm), chlorophyll-associated wavelengths (650–670 nm), red edge (700–720 nm), beginning of near-infrared (800–900 nm), and shortwave infrared. Hyperspectral data was linked to biochemical and physiological changes described for GTD and GLRaV. Variable importance in the projection (VIP) analysis showed that some wavelengths allowed to differentiate the tested pathosystems and could serve as a basis for further validation and disease classification studies.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Marin family, owner of the studied vineyard, the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, process 473398/2013-3), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul/Campus Bento Gonçalves (IFRS/BG), and Rio Grande do Sul State Research Foundation (FAPERGS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural, Veranópolis, RS, 95330-000, Brazil

    Amanda Heemann Junges

  2. Campus Bento Gonçalves Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, RS, 95700-206, Brazil

    Marcus André Kurtz Almança

  3. Embrapa Uva e Vinho, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, 95701-008, Brazil

    Thor Vinícius Martins Fajardo

  4. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Física Departamento de Astronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501-970, Brazil

    Jorge Ricardo Ducati

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  1. Amanda Heemann Junges
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  2. Marcus André Kurtz Almança
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  3. Thor Vinícius Martins Fajardo
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  4. Jorge Ricardo Ducati
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [Amanda Heemann Junges]; Data curation: [Amanda Heemann Junges] and [Jorge Ricardo Ducati]; Methodology: [Amanda Heemann Junges], [Jorge Ricardo Ducati], [Marcus André Kurtz Almança] and [Thor Vinicius Martins Fajardo]; Formal analysis and Project administration: [Amanda Heemann Junges]; Writing—original draft preparation: [Amanda Heemann Junges], [Marcus André Kurtz Almança] and [Thor Vinicius Martins Fajardo].

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Correspondence to Amanda Heemann Junges.

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Junges, A.H., Almança, M.A.K., Fajardo, T.V.M. et al. Leaf hyperspectral reflectance as a potential tool to detect diseases associated with vineyard decline. Trop. plant pathol. 45, 522–533 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-020-00387-0

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