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The Behavior of CO2 Supersonic Jets in the Converter Slag-Splashing Process

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Abstract

A numerical model was developed to investigate the possibility of using CO2 to replace conventional N2 for the converter slag-splashing process and, thus, promote the recycling of CO2 in the steel industry. The validity of the numerical model was demonstrated using one-dimensional isentropic flow theory and experimental data. By comparing with N2 and O2, it was found that CO2 has a lower velocity and dynamic pressure, higher temperature at the exit of the oxygen lance, and the difference between the three gases decreases gradually with the increasing of axial distance. The oxygen lance is required to have excellent stirring and splashing performance simultaneously for the CO2 slag-splashing process. The five-hole oxygen lance with a central nozzle combines the advantages of single-hole and four-hole oxygen lances, with higher impact force, slower decay of dynamic pressure, higher impact area, and more tremendous average turbulent kinetic energy at a low lance position, providing a better choice for slag splashing. Decreasing the axial distance, increasing the CO2 stagnation pressure, and raising the CO2 preheating temperature could improve the CO2 jet performance by different degrees. This work provides a theoretical basis for the application of CO2 in the converter slag-splashing process.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 51974022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, No.30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Han Zhang, Zhangfu Yuan, Lu Mei, Xuan Peng, Ke Liu & Hongxin Zhao

  2. National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 North 2nd Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, People’s Republic of China

    Hongxin Zhao

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  1. Han Zhang
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Correspondence to Hongxin Zhao.

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The contributing editor for this article was Veena Sahajwalla.

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Zhang, H., Yuan, Z., Mei, L. et al. The Behavior of CO2 Supersonic Jets in the Converter Slag-Splashing Process. J. Sustain. Metall. 8, 1803–1815 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-022-00607-8

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