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Speciation and Conversion of Metastable Phosphate in the Acidic Leaching Solution of Converter Vanadium Slag

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Abstract

In the typical calcium roasting—acid leaching process of converter vanadium slag—the quality of the vanadium products obtained depends on the removal of impurities, particularly phosphorus which has complex species under different conditions. Owing to the formation of complex metastable phosphates, their removal from acidic leaching solutions is an enormous challenge. Therefore, the speciation and conversion of metastable phosphorus during the hydrometallurgical leaching process of vanadium were investigated. The results showed that at least five species of phosphates—orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, trimetaphosphate, and P-heteropolyacid anions—were found in the acidic leaching solution. These phosphates were metastable and regularly converted depending on the solution concentration, standing time, and pH value. With an increase in the total phosphorous content, the chain-condensed phosphates—pyrophosphate and tripolyphosphate—were slightly hydrolyzed to orthophosphate, while the trimetaphosphate and heteropoly anions were more stable due to their ring or cage structures. When the leaching solution was set aside for 28 days, the orthophosphate content decreased from 60.8 to 34.4%, whereas the content of P-heteropolyacid anions increased from 6.2 to 31.0%. With an increase of acidity, the content of P-heteropolyacid anions increased significantly from 4.1 to 24.4%, whereas the orthophosphate content decreased from 63.7 to 43.9%, when the pH value decreased from 5.5 to 1.5. The conversion mechanism was discussed, and the results can provide theoretical guidelines to improve phosphorus removal in vanadium hydrometallurgy.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC1905802) and Open Fund of Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory (SK215001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China

    Guo-can Zheng, Xi Liu, Yu-wen Pu, Zuo-hua Liu, Ren-long Liu & Chang-yuan Tao

  2. Analytical and Testing Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China

    Guo-can Zheng, Kai Zhou & Jin-jing Tang

  3. Panzhihua Iron & Steel Research Institute Co., LTD., Panzhihua, 617000, China

    Yi Peng

  4. Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang, 443007, China

    Ben-Jun Xi

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  1. Guo-can Zheng
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Correspondence to Guo-can Zheng.

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The contributing editor for this article was Zhi Sun.

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Zheng, Gc., Liu, X., Pu, Yw. et al. Speciation and Conversion of Metastable Phosphate in the Acidic Leaching Solution of Converter Vanadium Slag. J. Sustain. Metall. 8, 1719–1726 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-022-00600-1

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