Abstract
Vegetation significantly affects kinetic energy, capacity, and resistance forces in open channels. The degree of inundation, flexibility, density, and geometry of vegetation are among the most important factors that alter the flow dynamics of a river in a vegetated area. In this study, the effects of submergence conditions, arrangement, and density of vegetation on flow velocity were investigated in a numerical approach. A CFD model was used to reproduce steady-state flow in a vegetated channel. The standard volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to track free surface evolution. Turbulence structures were captured using the renormalized groups (RNG) model after performing sensitivity analyses on turbulence models and mesh resolution. The model was validated using experimental data from the literature. The results showed that the model could efficiently reproduce the flow velocity in free zones and within the vegetated area. The values of flow velocity were higher in free zones than within the vegetated area. The location of the inflection points changed depending on the height and arrangement of the vegetation and the submergence conditions.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Computer Centre of Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Iran, for technical support. The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2040205; 52079044), the 111 Project (B17015), and the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation (520013312).
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Dehrashid, F.A., Heidari, M., Rahimi, H. et al. CFD modeling the flow dynamics in an open channel with double-layered vegetation. Model. Earth Syst. Environ. 9, 543–555 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01513-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01513-4