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The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of penile trauma

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Abstract

Purpose

In this prospective study, we studied the role of ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis and management of penile trauma.

Methods

Between 2007 and 2014, 14 patients (mean age 39 years) with suspected penile fracture underwent US examinations. Almost all patients had a history of injury during sexual intercourse or manipulation of the penis. US examinations were performed in transversal and longitudinal planes starting at the level of the glans and moving down to the base of the penis. Color-Doppler was used to identify the vascular pattern or to see any abnormal vascularity.

Results

The most common blunt injury to the penis that occurred in nine patients was penile fracture due to rupture of the corpus cavernosum. A tear occurred in only one of the corpora cavernosa. US showed an irregular hypoechoic or hyperechoic defect at the cavernosal rupture site. Four patients presented an injury to the subtunical venous plexus in the absence of complete tunical disruption. One patient had urethral rupture with inability to urinate and apparent urethrorrhagia. Ten patients underwent surgical operation, while four patients were observed and discharged after 2 days. Mean follow-up was 32 months (range 3–58). After 8 to 12 weeks, all of them were able to be sexually active as before. Angulations of penis persisted in one patient.

Conclusion

US may be the preferred imaging technique for evaluation of penile fracture before surgery. It is easy to perform, non-invasive, widely available, and inexpensive, although it requires an experienced team.

Riassunto

Scopo

In questo studio prospettico abbiamo analizzato il ruolo dell’imaging ecografico nella diagnosi e gestione del trauma penieno.

Metodi

Tra il 2007 ed il 2014, 14 pazienti (età media: 39 anni) con sospetto di frattura del pene furono sottoposti ad uno studio ecografico. Quasi tutti i pazienti presentavano un riscontro anamnestico di traumi avvenuti durante un rapporto sessuale o manipolazione del pene. Gli esami ecografici furono eseguiti facendo scansioni su piani trasversali e longitudinali iniziando a livello del glande e procedendo sino alla base dell’asta. L’utilizzo del Color-Doppler è stato adoperato per visualizzare l’assetto vascolare o per identificare qualsiasi forma di anomalia vascolare.

Risultati

La più comune forma di rottura traumatica del pene accorsa in 9 persone fu quella del corpo cavernoso. la rottura si verificò sempre a livello di un singolo corpo cavernoso. Lo studio ultrasonografico identificò il punto di rottura a livello del corpo cavernoso attraverso la visualizzazione di un irregolare stria ipoecogena o iperecogena. 4 pazienti presentarono una lesione del plesso venoso al di sotto della tunica albuginea senza rottura della stessa. Un solo paziente riportò un trauma dell’uretra presentando difficoltà alla minzione ed uretrorragia. 10 pazienti furono sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico, mentre gli altri 4 furono ricoverati in regime di osservazione e dimessi due giorni dopo. Il follow-up medio è stato di 32 mesi (range 3-58). Dopo circa 8-12 settimane tutti i pazienti ripresero la propria attività sessuale. In un solo paziente permase una deviazione permanente dell’asta.

Conclusioni

Secondo la nostra opinione l’esame ecografico può essere considerato la tecnica d’imaging da preferire nella valutazione di una rottura peniena prima d’intraprendere un approccio chirurgico. E’ semplce da eseguire, poco invasiva, ampiamente disponibile e poco costosa; anche se richiede operatori esperti.

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Correspondence to Lucio Dell’Atti.

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Conflict of interest

Lucio Dell’Atti declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Informed consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (5). All patients provided written informed consent to enrolment in the study and to the inclusion in this article of information that could potentially lead to their identification.

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Dell’Atti, L. The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of penile trauma. J Ultrasound 19, 161–166 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-016-0195-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-016-0195-4

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