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Sleep Deficiency and Pain in Persons With Substance Use Disorders

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Sleep deficiency and pain are two common conditions with the potential to complicate the care of persons with substance use disorders. Substance use disorders are commonly conceptualized as neurologically mediated compulsive and maladaptive patterns of substance use that cause problems. Acquired neurologic changes influenced by environmental and host factors such as sleep deficiency and pain can influence the varied and highly individual trajectories of substance use and have important implications for treatment.

Recent Findings

In this review, we provide an overview of sleep deficiency—a catch-all term to describe problems with various components of sleep including short sleep duration, low sleep quality, and suboptimal sleep timing (i.e., circadian abnormalities)—and pain—an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. We describe how these conditions can interact with substance use disorders, highlighting recent research findings in these areas. We also identify gaps in the literature that require further inquiry. Finally, we propose an approach to care for persons with substance use disorders and comorbid sleep deficiency and/or pain.

Summary

This review explores the roles of sleep deficiency and pain in substance use disorders, providing a framework for clinicians to approach them in clinical practice.

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Funding

This study was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (K23DA045957) and the National Clinician Scholars Program, through CTSA Grant Number TL1 TR001864 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Science (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and support provided by the VA Office of Academic Affiliations through the VA/National Clinician Scholars Program and Yale University. The content of the manuscript solely reflects the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent the views of the NIH, the United States Government, or authors’ affiliated institutions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Michele J. Buonora

  2. Department of Internal Medicine & Program in Addiction Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Michele J. Buonora & Caroline G. Falker

  3. General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA

    Michele J. Buonora & Caroline G. Falker

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Mehak Sharma & Stephen R. Baldassarri

  5. Program in Addiction Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Stephen R. Baldassarri

  6. Program in Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Stephen R. Baldassarri

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  1. Michele J. Buonora
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  2. Mehak Sharma
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  3. Caroline G. Falker
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  4. Stephen R. Baldassarri
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All authors were involved in the design and conceptualization of manuscript. M.B., S.B., and C.F. wrote the main manuscript text. M.S. wrote some manuscript text and prepared the figures. All authors reviewed the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Michele J. Buonora.

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Buonora, M.J., Sharma, M., Falker, C.G. et al. Sleep Deficiency and Pain in Persons With Substance Use Disorders. Curr Addict Rep (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-024-00562-2

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