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Experimental Vibration Studies of Deep Groove Ball Bearings Having Damaged Surfaces

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Abstract

Bearing plays vital role in dynamic characteristic of any rotating machine. Vibration study of rolling element bearings in the presence of either local defect or distributed defect have been carried out by many researchers. In the present study experimental vibration studies of bearing in the presence of local defect on one of the bearing race and waviness on another race have been carried out. Moreover, the effects of local defect width, waviness order, radial load, rotational speed, presence of lubricant on vibration amplitude in the presence of local defect and race waviness have also been analyzed. Frequency peaks at both characteristic defect frequencies, based on location and type of defect have been observed in the presence of combined defects. The local defect frequency amplitude of inner race/outer race is affected by presence of distributed defect on outer race/inner race and vice versa. However, the waviness frequency amplitude found dominant as compared to local defect frequency amplitude. This study will be helpful to practicing engineers in analyzing the complex vibrations generated by defective rolling elements bearings.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. C. U. Shah University, Wadhwan City, 363030, Gujarat, India

    Dipen S. Shah

  2. Mechatronics Department, G. H. Patel College of Engineering and Technology, V. V. Nagar, Gujarat, India

    V. N. Patel

  3. Mechanical Engineering Department, C. U. Shah University, Wadhwan City, 363030, Gujarat, India

    Pranav H. Darji

Authors
  1. Dipen S. Shah
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  2. V. N. Patel
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  3. Pranav H. Darji
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dipen S. Shah.

Appendix

Appendix

The following general guidelines will be helpful to the practicing engineers for vibration analysis of defective bearing in the absence of misalignment and unbalanced shaft-bearing system:

  • Frequency peaks only at shaft rotational frequency (fs) and cage frequency with their harmonics can be observed in spectra of healthy (defect free) bearings.

  • In addition to shaft rotation frequency, peaks at ball pass frequency of outer race (BPFO) and its harmonics can also be observed for bearings having defects on its outer race.

  • The frequency peaks at ball pass frequency of inner race (BPFI) can be noticed for bearings having defects on its inner race. Moreover, the sidebands at shaft rotational frequency can also be observed due to rotation of inner race defect.

  • The vibration amplitudes enhance in the presence of outer race local defect as compared to same size inner race local defect.

  • The vibration amplitude at bearing characteristics defect frequency increases with increase in local defect width on either of races in the presence or absence of lubricant.

  • In case of distributed defects, the dominant frequency peaks are governed by waviness order and waviness location.

  • The waviness peak amplitude at wave passage frequency (WPF) = Nb × (fs − fc) can be observed for waviness order (Nw) = q × Nb, while the side band frequencies at Nb × (fs − fc) ± fs have been noticed for waviness order of Nw = q × Nb ± 1.

  • More complicated vibration patterns can be found for higher waviness order.

  • In case of outer race waviness peak amplitude at ball pass frequency Nb × fc and its harmonics can be observed irrespective of waviness order.

  • Severe vibration amplitudes at wave passage frequency can be noticed for inner race waviness order equal to number of balls.

  • The amplitude of characteristic local defect frequency (either BPFO or BPFI) increases in the presence of waviness on alternative/another race.

  • The dominant peak at waviness defect frequency can be observed even in the presence of local defect and distributed defect on bearing races.

  • Amplitude of characteristic distributed defect (wave passage frequency and side bands) increases in the presence of local defect on alternative/another race.

In general, bearing defect frequency amplitudes are also affected by magnitude of radial load, shaft rotational speed, location and size of defect, waviness order and presence of lubricant.

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Shah, D.S., Patel, V.N. & Darji, P.H. Experimental Vibration Studies of Deep Groove Ball Bearings Having Damaged Surfaces. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. C 100, 919–935 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-018-0497-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-018-0497-8

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