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Land Use/Cover Dynamics and its Implication in Alwero Watershed, Western Ethiopia

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study assesses land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics and their impacts in the Alwero watershed, in western Ethiopia. LULC datasets were created from Landsat imagery from 1973, 1987, 2002, and 2020 using ArcGIS 10.7® software. Results show that forest cover decreased from 52 to 30% between 1973 and 2020, mainly due to the expansion of cultivated land (small and large farms). Between 1973 and 2020, the number of small farms increased from 7.4 to 13.2%, with a net decrease in bare land (74.2%), grassland (19.7%), and forest (2.6%). Large farms increased from 1.5 to 7.2% between 2002 and 2020, with a net decrease in fallow (44%) and natural vegetation (19.4%). Fallow land shows a decreasing trend from 28% (1973) to 13% (2020), due to increased conversion to small farms (35.0%) and large farms (20.1%). The main causes of the changes are the rapid population growth and the large scale agricultural investments in the region. The deterioration of local people's living conditions and deforestation are the main impacts of LULC change in the study area. The innovative element of this study is the production of maps for large and small farms separately, which is useful for making decisions related to problems of large agricultural land investments (LALIs). The study concludes that the continued loss of forests will affect the government's development vision in general and mitigation of the negative impacts of climate change and climate variability in particular.

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Available data can be obtained from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all fieldwork and data collection participants and the U.S. Geological Survey for free access to Landsat ERS -1 (1973), Landsat-7 (1987 and 2002), and Sentinel 2A (2020).

Funding

This study received no funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Molla Maru, Mohammed Assen & Asnake Mekuriaw

  2. Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

    Arragaw Alemayehu

Authors
  1. Molla Maru
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  2. Mohammed Assen
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  3. Asnake Mekuriaw
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  4. Arragaw Alemayehu
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Contributions

MM has made substantial contributions in conception of the research, acquisition of data, preparation of tables and maps. AA interpreted the results and drafted the manuscript. AM and MA reviewed and edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Molla Maru.

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Significance Statement

Land cover change has implications for climate and hydrology from the Alwero watershed to the Nile Basin, indicating the regional significance of the study. The analysis and results presented may be of great importance to other areas to inform decisions for forestry, agricultural development planning, and climate risk management.

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Maru, M., Assen, M., Mekuriaw, A. et al. Land Use/Cover Dynamics and its Implication in Alwero Watershed, Western Ethiopia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. A Phys. Sci. 93, 377–389 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40010-023-00820-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40010-023-00820-4

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