Abstract
Lowlands hold important potential for sustainable agriculture in South Sumatra. High acidity of soil and water and practice of domestic waste disposal in the area could be associated with a higher level of micro minerals in forages and grazing animals. This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in the water, forage, and buffalo hair, to compare the concentration of the metals in the forage on residential area and grazing area and to evaluate relationships between age and concentrations of the heavy metals in the buffaloes’ hair. The concentrations of the minerals were Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd in the water, Fe > Mn > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cd in the forage and Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn > Pb > Cd in the buffalo hair. Concentrations of Pb in water and forages exceeded the permissible limits for drinking water and feeds of livestock. The levels of the heavy metals in forages on the residential and grazing areas were not different and no significant correlation between ages of the animals and concentrations of the metals in the hair. In the forages, Cu–Mn and Fe–Pb while in the hair Cu, Zn and Pb strongly correlated. The principal component analysis revealed that the levels of metals concentration in the forages and buffalo hair associated with two main factors of natural resources.
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Abbreviations
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- Cd:
-
Cadmium
- Cu:
-
Copper
- FAO:
-
Food and Agriculture Organization
- Fe:
-
Iron
- HNO3 :
-
Nitric acid
- Mn:
-
Manganese
- n :
-
Number
- P :
-
Probability
- Pb:
-
Lead
- PC:
-
Principal component
- Zn:
-
Zinc
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The authors are thankful for financial support through a competitive Grant SP DIPA-023.17.2.677515 provided by Universitas Sriwijaya.
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Ali, A.I.M., Sandi, S. & Riswandi, R. Heavy metals accumulation in forages and buffalo hair on flooded pasture in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 4137–4142 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03424-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03424-w