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Determining the Minimum Temperature for Storage of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Adults for Biological Control of Asian Citrus Psyllid

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Abstract

In order to control the spread of the huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus plants, one of the main approaches is management of its vector, the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. The intensive use of chemicals to control the psyllid has caused concern due to the damage to the environment and human health, and biological control has been a more sustainable and environmentally safe strategy. For D. citri, the parasitoid wasp Tamarixia radiata Waterston has been used successfully in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, reducing populations of D. citri nymphs by up 80% in some municipalities. Mass rearing of wasps is required to provide efficient control, which implies that quality control is required, especially in storage and transportation. In most cases, the insects are not used on the same day of emergence, which makes it necessary to develop strategies to delay development without negatively affecting the wasps. Here, we evaluated the survival of T. radiata adults over eight different exposure times (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 days) in three different temperatures (7, 9, and 11°C). After these periods, they were transferred to climate chambers at 25°C and their survival curves over 30 days were analyzed. We concluded that adults can be maintained at 9°C for up to 6 days without significant damage to their survival during and after the exposure period, functioning well for D. citri IPM implementation.

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Acknowledgments

We extend our thanks to Janet W. Reid (JWR Associates) for the English revision.

Funding

LAB holds a fellowship awarded by Fundecitrus (Project 837). AGG holds a fellowship awarded by FAPESP (2019/26071-8). The authors would like to thank SPARCBio (São Paulo Advanced Research Center for Biological Control) (FAPESP-Koppert, 2018/02317-5).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Laisy Alberti Bertanha, Alexandre José Ferreira Diniz, Adriano Gomes Garcia & José Roberto Postali Parra

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  1. Laisy Alberti Bertanha
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  2. Alexandre José Ferreira Diniz
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  3. Adriano Gomes Garcia
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  4. José Roberto Postali Parra
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Contributions

LAB conceived the project, conducted the experiments and the paper was primarily based on her undergraduate thesis. AJFD and JRPP supervised the experiments. AGG performed the statistical analysis. All authors participated in discussing the results and writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Adriano Gomes Garcia.

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Edited by Guilherme Duarte Rossi

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Bertanha, L.A., Diniz, A.J.F., Garcia, A.G. et al. Determining the Minimum Temperature for Storage of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Adults for Biological Control of Asian Citrus Psyllid. Neotrop Entomol 50, 114–120 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-020-00832-4

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