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Facile refluxed synthesis of TiO2/Ag2O@Ti-BTC as efficient catalyst for photodegradation of methylene blue and electrochemical studies

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Abstract

Due to unique properties, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted great research attention towards sustainable energy and environmental remediation. In this article, highly efficient TiO2@Ti(BTC) and TiO2/Ag2O@Ti(BTC) composites have been synthesized via in-situ incorporation of pre-synthesized TiO2 and TiO2/Ag2O into Ti-based MOF Ti(BTC) via facile refluxed method. All the synthesized samples have been successfully characterized by PXRD, SEM, EDX and UV-Visible spectroscopy. All these samples are used for study the photodegradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. It has been found that incorporation of TiO2 NPs and TiO2/Ag2O nanocomposite into Ti(BTC) shifts the band gap towards more visible region, elevates the yield of O ∙–2 and OH∙– radicals and enhances the photodegradation efficiency of methylene blue in the presence of visible light. Amongst all the synthesized samples, TiO2/Ag2O@Ti(BTC) shows maximum photocatalytic activity towards photodegradation of methylene blue as compared to all other synthesized samples. It is observed that after 60 min, TiO2/Ag2O@Ti(BTC) shows minimum absorption of 0.02 as compared to TiO2 (0.17), TiO2/Ag2O (0.052), Ti(BTC) (0.32) and TiO2@Ti(BTC) (0.21). It reveals that methylene blue has been successfully degraded by synthesized samples and maximum activity has been shown by TiO2/Ag2O@Ti(BTC). Further, electrochemical water splitting activity of these samples has been studied. It has been found that TiO2/Ag2O@Ti(BTC) shows maximum catalytic activity towards both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). It generates maximum current density 97.15 and − 110 mA cm−2 towards both OER and HER, respectively, as compared to all other samples.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge Institute of Chemical Sciences, BZU, and Dr. Athar’s Research Lab for providing lab facilities for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan

    Hafiz Muzammil Hussain, Muhammad Fiaz & Muhammad Athar

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  1. Hafiz Muzammil Hussain
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  2. Muhammad Fiaz
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Correspondence to Muhammad Athar.

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Hussain, H.M., Fiaz, M. & Athar, M. Facile refluxed synthesis of TiO2/Ag2O@Ti-BTC as efficient catalyst for photodegradation of methylene blue and electrochemical studies. J IRAN CHEM SOC 18, 1269–1277 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-02109-4

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