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Eco-friendly management of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) using ozone, copper sulphate and calcium sulphate and its impact on productivity of lemon trees

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Abstract

Safety concerns necessitate the search for alternative ecologically friendly methods of pest management while simultaneously increasing productivity. From this point of view, a field experiment on Eureka Lemon (Citrus limon L) trees was undertaken with the goal of reducing the usage of nematicides and enhancing lemon tree productivity. In this study, ozone was used either alone or in combination with copper sulphate or calcium sulphate to control the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans. The single treatments of the three compounds and the combined applications significantly affected T. semipenetrans infection, enhanced the nutritional status of lemon trees and increased fruit set and yield. The combined applications were more effective than the individual ones, with ozone + calcium sulphate yielding the maximum values of fruit physical (fruit volume, length, diameter and weight) and chemical (TSS, the TSS/acidity ratio and Vitamin C) characteristics while reducing the acidity. There were no significant differences in the impact on citrus nematode between the combined applications and ozone treatment. The application of ozone + copper sulphate significantly reduced the final nematode populations and the reproduction factor. Thus, ozone + calcium sulphate and ozone + copper sulphate are potential alternatives to nematicides for managing citrus nematodes and increasing the yield and quality of Eureka lemon trees.

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Acknowledgements

The Authors extend their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for supporting the work through College of Food and Agriculture Sciences Research Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar

  2. Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture-El-Shatby 21545, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar

  3. Department of Plant Nematology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt

    Sandy E. Hammad

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  1. Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar
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Conceptualization, MA; Methodology, MA and SEH; Investigation, MA and SEH; Resources, MA and SEH; Writing-original draft preparation, MA and SEH; Writing-review and editing, MA and SEH; Supervision, MA; Funding acquisition, MA and SEH. All authors have read and agree to the published version of the manuscript.

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Abdel-Sattar, M., Hammad, S.E. Eco-friendly management of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) using ozone, copper sulphate and calcium sulphate and its impact on productivity of lemon trees. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 63, 779–792 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-022-00446-2

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