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Determination of optimized process variables using RSM-BBD for the production of biochar derived from mustard straws

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Abstract

Biomass and biochar has recently been the subject of extensive investigation since they offer various advantages for many engineering problems. The synthesis of biochar from biomass depends both on the nature of feed as well as on the production procedure adopted. As a result, there is an extensive research gap available to obtain the optimum condition for evaluating a comprehensive roadmap for producing biochar. The present work explores the designing and optimization of four parameters, namely pyrolysis temperature, time, heating rate, and gas flow rates for the production of mustard straw biochar (MSB) through slow pyrolysis under the inert atmospheres of nitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Response Surfaces Methodology with full factorial Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD) of trials were used to assess the impact of parameters and determine their optimum conditions. In order to maximize the impact on physio-chemical properties of MSB, the following range of parameters are taken; pyrolysis temperature (400-10000C), time (30–180 min), heating rate (3-70C/min), and gas flowrate (50–200 cc/min) and their responses are evaluated on mustard biochar yield, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). Multiple responses optimization using the desirability function was applied under both environments. The prepared samples of MSB in N2 and CO2 environment (referred as MSBN and MSBC respectively) were characterized using CHNS, FE-SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and BET on the optimal response for MSB. Based on the results, it was observed that MSBC had a greater surface area and is more porous, due to which it offers higher potential in many real-world applications. The study showed that a stable and porous MSB can be obtained using pressured pyrolysis of biomass in a CO2 atmosphere. The present study’s findings can be the first to offer a better recipe for MSB production under various conditions using RSM-BBD, given that sharp discrepancies exist in biochar properties due to variations in the production conditions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thanks authorities of Material Research Centre (MRC) at MNIT Jaipur and Institute of Petrochemical Technology, CIPET, Jaipur, India for their constant support in providing the necessary instrumentation facility during the entire period of the research work.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India

    Meenu, Manish Vashishtha & Shiv Om Meena

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Meenu: data curation, writing – original draft, investigation, editing. Manish Vashishtha: conceptualization, supervision, methodology, editing-reviewing. Shiv Om Meena: supervision, reviewing.

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Correspondence to Manish Vashishtha.

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Meenu, Vashishtha, M. & Meena, S.O. Determination of optimized process variables using RSM-BBD for the production of biochar derived from mustard straws. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04981-5

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