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Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, permanganate, and methylene blue assays for determining antioxidant potential of successive extracts from pomegranate and guava residues

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Abstract

The accumulation of agricultural waste is representing one of the major and permanent environmental problems because of the large amount of waste poses from one hand and continuation poses of these wastes to environment year-around on the other hand. The current study aims to use the high biomass of guava (leaves and seeds) and pomegranate (peels and seeds) wastes as source of antioxidant compounds. The method focused on extraction of antioxidant compounds from these wastes using different successive extracts: pet.ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and methanol against four different antioxidant determination methods: two radical methods (2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2′-azino-bis ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS.+)) and two non-radical methods (KMnO4 and methylene blue) as new methods for evaluation of antioxidant activity. The results show that the highest antioxidant activities were recorded with DPPH and ABTS radical assay more than KMnO4 and methylene blue. The crude petroleum ether extract of guava seeds showed the highest antioxidant activity with 75.6, 78.4, 19.1, and 15.6% against ABTS, DPPH, KMnO4, and methylene blue respectively, at 100 μg/ml when compared with other extracts and natural antioxidant standard (ascorbic acid). Also, there is great correlation between antioxidant activity against ABTS and DPPH and phenolic compound concentration; also, the thermal stability of antioxidant compounds of promising extract (ethyl acetate of pomegranate seeds) is crucial and may be correlated with both the extraction method and extract content; FTIR was used for interpretation of active groups in both extracts (before and after thermal treatment).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    Nada B. Gaber & Sara I. El-Dahy

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt

    Emad A. Shalaby

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  1. Nada B. Gaber
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  2. Sara I. El-Dahy
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  3. Emad A. Shalaby
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Correspondence to Emad A. Shalaby.

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Gaber, N.B., El-Dahy, S.I. & Shalaby, E.A. Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, permanganate, and methylene blue assays for determining antioxidant potential of successive extracts from pomegranate and guava residues. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 4011–4020 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01386-0

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