Abstract
It was recently proved by Bernal-González et al. (Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 112(2):341–345, 2018) that for any Toeplitz–Silverman matrix A, there exists a dense linear subspace of the space of all sequences, all of whose nonzero elements are divergent yet whose images under A are convergent. In this paper, we improve and generalize this result by showing that, under suitable assumptions on the matrix, there are a dense set, a large algebra and a large Banach lattice consisting (except for zero) of such sequences. We show further that one of our hypotheses on the matrix A cannot in general be omitted. The case in which the field of the entries of the matrix is ultrametric is also considered.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bernal-González, L., Conejero, J.A., Murillo-Arcila, M., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Highly tempering infinite matrices. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 112, 341–345 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-017-0385-8
Peyerimhoff, A.: Lectures on Summability. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 107. Springer, Berlin (1969)
Wilansky, A.: Summability Through Functional Analysis. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1984)
Başar, F.: Summability Theory and Its Applications. Bentham Science Publishers, Ltd., Oak Park (2012)
Aron, R.M., Bernal González, L., Pellegrino, Daniel M., Seoane Sepúlveda, J.B.: Lineability: The Search for Linearity in Mathematics. CRC Press, Boca Raton (2016)
Aron, R.M., Gurariy, V.I., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Lineability and spaceability of sets of functions on \(\mathbb{R}\). Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 133, 795–803 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-04-07533-1
Bernal-González, L., Cabana-Méndez, H.J., Muñoz-Fernández, G.A., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: On the dimension of subspaces of continuous functions attaining their maximum finitely many times. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 373, 3063–3083 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1090/tran/8054
Bastin, F., Conejero, J.A., Esser, C., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Algebrability and nowhere Gevrey differentiability. Israel J. Math. 205, 127–143 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11856-014-1104-110.1007/s11856-014-1104-110.1007/s11856-014-1104-110.1007/s11856-014-1104-1
Bernal-González, L., Pellegrino, D., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Linear subsets of nonlinear sets in topological vector spaces. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 51, 71–130 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1090/S0273-0979-2013-01421-6
Calderón-Moreno, M.C., Gerlach-Mena, P.J., Prado-Bassas, J.A.: Lineability and modes of convergence. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 114, 12–18 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-019-00743-z
Ciesielski, K.C., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: A century of Sierpiński-Zygmund functions. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 113, 3863–3901 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-019-00726-0
Ciesielski, K.C.: Differentiability versus continuity: restriction and extension theorems and monstrous examples. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 56, 211–260 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1090/bull/163510.1090/bull/1635
Conejero, J.A., Fenoy, M., Murillo-Arcila, M., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Lineability within probability theory settings. Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. RACSAM 111, 673–684 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-016-0318-y
Enflo, P.H., Gurariy, V.I., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Some results and open questions on spaceability in function spaces. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 366(no2), 611–625 (2014)
Seoane, J.B.: Chaos and Lineability of Pathological Phenomena in Analysis, p. 139. ProQuest LLC, Ann Arbor (2006)
Oikhberg, T.: A note on latticeability and algebrability. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 434, 523–537 (2016)
Fernández-Sánchez, J.,Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.,Trutschnig, W.:Lineability, algebrability, and sequences of random variables,Preprint, (2020)
Bernal-González, L.,Fernández-Sánchez, J.,Martínez–Gómez, M.E.,Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.:Banach spaces and Banach lattices of singular functions,Preprint, (2020)
Elstrodt, J.: Maß- und Integrationstheorie, p. 434. Springer, Berlin (2005)
Rudin, W.: Real and Complex Analysis, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York (1987)
Rudin, W.: Homogeneity problems in the theory of Čech compactifications. Duke Math. J. 23, 409–419 (1956)
Natarajan, P.N.: An Introduction to Ultrametric Summability Theory. SpringerBriefs in Mathematics, p. 102. Springer, New Delhi (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1647-6
Janusz, G.J.: Algebraic Number Fields, 2nd edn. American Mathematical Society, USA (1996)
García-Pacheco, F.J., Martín, M., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B.: Lineability, spaceability, and algebrability of certain subsets offunction spaces. Taiwan. J. Math. 13(4), 1257–1269 (2009). https://doi.org/10.11650/twjm/1500405506
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the referees for helpful comments and suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
L. Bernal-González was supported by the Plan Andaluz de Investigación de la Junta de Andalucía FQM-127 Grant P08-FQM-03543 and by MICINN Grant PGC2018-098474-B-C21. J. B. Seoane-Sepúlveda was supported by Grant PGC2018-097286-B-I00. W. Trutschnig gratefully acknowledges the support of the WISS 2025 project ‘IDA-lab Salzburg’ (20204-WISS/225/197-2019 and 20102-F1901166-KZP).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bernal-González, L., Fernández-Sánchez, J., Seoane-Sepúlveda, J.B. et al. Highly tempering infinite matrices II: From divergence to convergence via Toeplitz–Silverman matrices. RACSAM 114, 202 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00934-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-020-00934-z