Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mitigating Seismic Irregularity of Continuous Girder Bridge with Unequal Height Piers Through Differential Design of Shear Key Strength

  • Research Article-Civil Engineering
  • Published:
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study attempts to evaluate the effect of transverse shear keys in mitigating the transverse irregularity of continuous girder bridge with unequal height piers through differential strength design. In the current specifications, widely adopted reinforced concrete shear keys are mostly considered as structural measures, while their role in the transverse seismic system of girder bridges is not defined in detail. To explore the potential of reasonable design of shear keys on mitigating the transverse irregularity of multi-span continuous girder bridge with unequal pier heights under different seismic systems, a systematic study is performed based on OpenSees platform. Parametric analysis of the shear key strength is carried out to meet the expected performance objectives of the bridge under different transverse seismic systems. This study leads to the conclusion that rational differential design of transverse shear key strength on different height piers of mid-span continuous girder bridges balance the total transverse stiffness of piers, thus there would be a reasonable distribution of seismic inertia force transmitted from superstructure. This makes the transverse seismic responses of different height piers consistent and seismic performance requirements would be meet under different transverse seismic system. For mid-span continuous girder bridges with different height piers, ductile seismic system can be adopted when the strength of the shear keys is high, and the difference between strength of the shear keys at different height piers should be small. The seismic reduction and isolation system can be adopted in continuous girder bridge with weaker shear keys, while the strength of the shear keys at high pier should be relatively more smaller than that of shear keys at short pier.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Guirguis, J.E.B.; Mehanny, S.S.F.: Evaluating code criteria for regular seismic behavior of continuous concrete box girder bridges with unequal height piers. J. Bridg. Eng. 18(6), 486–498 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rezaei, H.; Moayyedi, S.A.; Jankowski, R.: Probabilistic seismic assessment of RC box-girder highway bridges with unequal-height piers subjected to earthquake-induced pounding. Bull. Earthq. Eng. 18(4), 1547–1578 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Xiang, N.; Li, J.: Utilizing yielding steel dampers to mitigate transverse seismic irregularity of a multispan continuous bridge with unequal height piers. Eng. Struct. 205, 110056 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ishac, M.; Mehanny, S.: Do mixed pier-to-deck connections alleviate irregularity of seismic response of bridges with unequal height piers. Bull. Earthq. Eng. 15(1), 97–121 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lv, Y.: Effects of SSI on seismic responses of unequal height pier bridge. J. Vibroeng. 19(5), 3599–3609 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Wu, W.; Wu, Z.; Li, L.; Long, S.: Fragility analysis of isolation effect for plate-type elastomeric bearing on continuous girder bridges with unequal height piers. In: 2018 3rd International Conference on Smart City and Systems Engineering (ICSCSE), 2018, pp. 32–37.

  7. Company, H.E.: Seismic and Retrofit of Bridges—From Post-Disaster Emergency Repair to Seismic Maintenance and Reinforcement. China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ministry of Construction of the PRC. Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering (2009 edition). China Planning Press, Beijing. GB50111-2006 (in Chinese)

  9. MTC (Ministry of Transport of China). Specifications for Seismic Design of Highway Bridge. Beijing: MTC. JTG 2231-01-2020 (in Chinese)

  10. Bozorgzadeh, A.M.; Sami, R.; José, I.A.; Scott, A.: Capacity evaluation of exterior sacrificial shear keys of bridge abutments. J. Bridge Eng. 11(5), 555–565 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Du, X.; Zhong, Z.; Han, Q.; Zhou, Y.: Seismic capacity evaluation of exterior shear keys of highway bridges. J. Bridge Eng. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Han, Q.; Zhou, Y.; Ou, Y.; Du, X.: Seismic behavior of reinforced concrete sacrificial exterior shear keys of highway bridges. Eng. Struct. 139, 59–70 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Li, J.; Tang, H.; Guan, Z.: Shake table test and numerical analysis of a bridge model supported on elastomeric pad bearings. J. Earthq. Eng. 21(4), 604–634 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Xu, L.; Li, J.: Seismic Strength Prediction of Reinforced Concrete Retainers Based on Rigid Body Rotation Model. Eng. Mech. 31(2014), 143–150 (2014) (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Wu, G.; Wang, K.; Zhang, P.; Lu, G.: Effect of mechanical degradation of laminated elastomeric bearings and shear keys upon seismic behaviors of small-to-medium-span highway bridges in transverse direction. Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib. 17(1), 205–220 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-018-0435-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Xiang, N.; Li, J.: Seismic performance of highway bridges with different transverse unseating-prevention devices. J. Bridge Eng. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000909

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Xiang, N.; Alam, M.S.; Li, J.: Shake table studies of a highway bridge model by allowing the sliding of laminated-rubber bearings with and without restraining devices. Eng. Struct. 171, 583–601 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Xiang, N.; Alam, M.S.; Li, J.: Yielding steel dampers as restraining devices to control seismic sliding of laminated rubber bearings for highway bridges: analytical and experimental study. J. Bridge Eng. (2019). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001487

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Xu, L.; Fu, P.; Billie, F.S.: Maintaining bridge alignment during seismic events: shear key design and implementation guidelines. J. Bridge Eng. 25(5), 04020017 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ehsan, A.; Mohammad, M.K.: Numerical investigation of nonlinear static and dynamic behaviour of self-centring rocking segmental bridge piers. Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 128, 105876 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. M.J.N. Priestley, Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges, 1996.

  22. Aygün, B.; Dueñas-Osorio, L.; Padgett, J.E.; Des Roches, R., et al.: Efficient longitudinal seismic fragility assessment of a multispan continuous steel bridge on liquefiable Soils. J Bridge Eng 16(1), 93–107 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Nielson, B.G.; Des Roches, R.: Seismic fragility methodology for highway bridges using a component level approach. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 36(6), 823–839 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Nielson, B.G.; Des Roches, R.: Analytical Seismic fragility curves for typical bridges in the central and Southeastern United States. Earthq Spectra 23(3), 615–633 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ledezma, C.: Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering Design Evaluation Procedure for Bridge Foundations Undergoing Liquefactioninduced Lateral Spreading. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif. (2007)

  26. Taner, Y.; Banerjee, S.; Peggy, A.J.: Performance of two real-life California bridges under regional natural hazards. J. Bridge Eng. 21(3), 1–15 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Xiang, N.; Li, J.: Research on proper design parameters of concrete shear keys for short and medium span beam bridge. Bridge Constr 46, 41–46 (2016) ((in Chinese))

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 51678459). The authors are very grateful for the supports. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Road and Bridge Engineering, School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430063, China

    Yulin Deng, Shuxun Ge & Xiong Ge

Authors
  1. Yulin Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shuxun Ge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiong Ge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yulin Deng.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Deng, Y., Ge, S. & Ge, X. Mitigating Seismic Irregularity of Continuous Girder Bridge with Unequal Height Piers Through Differential Design of Shear Key Strength. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 13749–13769 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-07965-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-07965-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation