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Cytogenetic analysis of Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani as the first step in genome sequencing

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Abstract

Background

C4 plants are efficient in suppressing photorespiration and enhancing carbon gain as compared to C3 plants. Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani is one of the few species in the family Amaranthaceae that can perform C4 photosynthesis within individual chlorenchyma cells, without the conventional Kranz anatomy in its leaf. This plant is salt-tolerant and is well-adapted to thrive in hot and humid climates. To date, there have been no reported cytogenetic analyses yet on this species.

Objective

This study aims to provide a cytogenetic analysis of B. sinuspersici as the first step in genome sequencing.

Methods

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotype analysis was conducted using the metaphase chromosomes of B. sinuspersici probed with 5S and 45S rDNA and Arabidopsis-type telomeric repeats.

Results

Results of the cytogenetic analysis confirmed that B. sinuspersici has 2n = 2x = 18 consisting of nine pairs of metacentric chromosomes. Two loci of 45S rDNA were found on the distal regions of the short arm of chromosome 7. Nine loci of 5S rDNA were found in the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 6, and 8, which also colocalized with Arabidopsis-type telomeric repeats; while four loci in the interstitial regions of chromosome 5 and 8 can be observed. The single locus of 5S rDNA that was found in chromosome 8 appears to be hemizygous.

Conclusion

The FISH karyotype analysis, based on the combination of rDNAs, telomeric tandem repeat markers and C0t DNA chromosome landmarks, allowed efficient chromosome identification and provided useful information in characterizing the genome of B. sinuspersici.

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Abbreviations

BAC:

Bacterial artificial chromosome

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

dNMP:

Deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

GISH:

Genomic in situ hybridization

NOR:

Nucleolus organiser regions

rDNA:

Ribosomal RNA

rpm:

Revolutions per minute

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01095307) of the Rural Development Administration Republic of Korea.

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  1. Samantha Serafin Sevilleno and Yoon Ha Ju contribute equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea

    Samantha Serafin Sevilleno & Yoon-Jung Hwang

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA

    Yoon Ha Ju

  3. Genetics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

    Jung Sun Kim & Eun Ju Byeon

  4. Department of Environmental Horticulture, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea

    Franklin Hinosa Mancia

  5. Chromosome Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, 01795, Republic of Korea

    Raisa Aone Cabahug

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  1. Samantha Serafin Sevilleno
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Sevilleno, S.S., Ju, Y.H., Kim, J.S. et al. Cytogenetic analysis of Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani as the first step in genome sequencing. Genes Genom 42, 337–345 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-019-00908-5

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